The management of idiopathic toe walking.
Journal
The bone & joint journal
ISSN: 2049-4408
Titre abrégé: Bone Joint J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101599229
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Oct 2024
01 Oct 2024
Historique:
medline:
1
10
2024
pubmed:
1
10
2024
entrez:
30
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The aim of this study was to gain a consensus for best practice of the assessment and management of children with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) in order to provide a benchmark for practitioners and guide the best consistent care. An established Delphi approach with predetermined steps and degree of agreement based on a standardized protocol was used to determine consensus. The steering group members and Delphi survey participants included members from the British Society of Children's Orthopaedic Surgery (BSCOS) and the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists (APCP). The statements included definition, assessment, treatment indications, nonoperative and operative interventions, and outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis of the Delphi survey results. The AGREE checklist was followed for reporting the results. A total of 227 participants (54% APCP and 46% BSCOS members) completed the first round, and 222 participants (98%) completed the second round. Out of 54 proposed statements included in the first round Delphi, 17 reached 'consensus in', no statements reached 'consensus out', and 37 reached 'no consensus'. These 37 statements were then discussed, reworded, amalgamated, or deleted before the second round Delphi of 29 statements. A total of 12 statements reached 'consensus in', four 'consensus out', and 13 'no consensus'. In the final consensus meeting, 13 statements were voted upon. Five were accepted, resulting in a total of 31 approved statements. In the aspects of practice where sufficient evidence is not available, a consensus statement can provide a strong body of opinion that acts as a benchmark for excellence in clinical care. This statement can assist clinicians managing children with ITW to ensure consistent and reliable practice, and reduce geographical variability in practice and outcomes. It will enable those treating ITW to share the published consensus document with both carers and patient groups.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39348908
doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.106B10.BJJ-2024-0466.R1
pii: BJJ-2024-0466.R1
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1190-1196Informations de copyright
© 2024 Gelfer et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
None declared.
Références
Engström P , Tedroff K . Idiopathic toe-walking: prevalence and natural history from birth to ten years of age . J Bone Joint Surg Am . 2018 ; 100-A ( 8 ): 640 – 647 . 10.2106/JBJS.17.00851 29664850
Ghassabian A , Sundaram R , Bell E , Bello SC , Kus C , Yeung E . Gross motor milestones and subsequent development . Pediatrics . 2016 ; 138 ( 1 ): e20154372 . 10.1542/peds.2015-4372 27354457
Shetreat-Klein M , Shinnar S , Rapin I . Abnormalities of joint mobility and gait in children with autism spectrum disorders . Brain Dev . 2014 ; 36 ( 2 ): 91 – 96 . 10.1016/j.braindev.2012.02.005 22401670
Soto Insuga V , Moreno Vinués B , Losada Del Pozo R , et al. Do children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have a diferent gait pattern? Relationship between idiopathic toe-walking and ADHD . An Pediatr (Engl Ed) . 2018 ; 88 ( 4 ): 191 – 195 . 10.1016/j.anpedi.2017.01.010 28705637
Caserta A , Reedman S , Morgan P , Williams CM . Physical activity and quality of life in children with idiopathic toe walking: a cross sectional study . BMC Pediatr . 2022 ; 22 ( 1 ): 544 . 10.1186/s12887-022-03583-w 36100938
Engelbert RH , van Empelen R , Scheurer ND , Helders PJ , van Nieuwenhuizen O . Influence of infant-walkers on motor development: mimicking spastic diplegia? Eur J Paediatr Neurol . 1999 ; 3 ( 6 ): 273 – 275 . 10.1016/s1090-3798(99)90982-0 10595672
Eastwood DM , Menelaus MB , Dickens DR , Broughton NS , Cole WG . Idiopathic toe-walking: does treatment alter the natural history? J Pediatr Orthop B . 2000 ; 9 ( 1 ): 47 – 49 . 10.1097/01202412-200001000-00010 10647110
Morrow E , Harris J , Gelfer Y , Cashman J , Kothari A , Collaborators F-U . Health-related quality of life in idiopathic toe walkers: a multicenter prospective cross-sectional study . J Pediatr Orthop . 2024 ; 44 ( 4 ): e357 – e360 . 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002620 38273462
Dietz F , Khunsree S . Idiopathic toe walking: to treat or not to treat, that is the question . Iowa Orthop J . 2012 ; 32 : 184 – 188 . 23576939
Williams CM , Gray K , Davies N , et al. Exploring health professionals’ understanding of evidence-based treatment for idiopathic toe walking . Child Care Health Dev . 2020 ; 46 ( 3 ): 310 – 319 . 10.1111/cch.12745 31957909
Harris J , Gelfer Y , Cashman J , Eyre-Brook A . Current management of idiopathic toe-walking gait in children and young people in the UK: a cross-sectional survey to reflect physiotherapists’ and surgeons’ perspective . J Surg . 2022 ; 7 ( 16 ). 10.29011/2575-9760.001688
Freiman HD , Mensah C , Codrington J , Frick SL . Idiopathic toe-walking in children and adolescents . JBJS Rev . 2022 ; 10 ( 2 ): 02 – 21 . 10.2106/JBJS.RVW.21.00193 35180146
Caserta AJ , Pacey V , Fahey MC , Gray K , Engelbert RH , Williams CM . Interventions for idiopathic toe walking . Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2019 ; CD012363 . 10.1002/14651858.CD012363.pub2 31587271
Gray K , Pacey V , Caserta A , Polt D , Williams C . Development of the Idiopathic Toe Walking Outcome (iTWO) proforma: a modified Delphi study and online parent survey for measurement consensus . Gait Posture . 2023 ; 99 : 111 – 118 . 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.11.005 36399873
Vella-Baldacchino M , Perry DC , Roposch A , et al. Research priorities in children requiring elective surgery for conditions affecting the lower limbs: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership . BMJ Open . 2019 ; 9 ( 12 ): e033233 . 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033233 31892663
Gelfer Y , Davis N , Blanco J , et al. Attaining a British consensus on managing idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus up to walking age . Bone Joint J . 2022 ; 104-B ( 6 ): 758 – 764 . 10.1302/0301-620X.104B6.BJJ-2021-1687.R1 35638218
Aarvold A , Perry DC , Mavrotas J , Theologis T , Katchburian M , on behalf of the BSCOS DDH Consensus Group . The management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children aged under three months . Bone Joint J . 2023 ; 105-B ( 2 ): 209 – 214 . 10.1302/0301-620X.105B2.BJJ-2022-0893.R1 36722054
Mitchell PD , Abraham A , Carpenter C , et al. Consensus guidelines on the management of musculoskeletal infection affecting children in the UK . Bone Joint J . 2023 ; 105-B ( 7 ): 815 – 820 . 10.1302/0301-620X.105B7.BJJ-2022-1316.R1 37399098
Gelfer Y , Blanco J , Trees A , et al. Attaining a British consensus statement on managing idiopathic congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) through a Delphi process: a study protocol . BMJ Open . 2021 ; 11 ( 9 ): e049212 . 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049212 34475168
Brouwers MC , Kerkvliet K , Spithoff K , AGREE Next Steps Consortium . The AGREE Reporting Checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines . BMJ . 2016 ; 352 : i1152 . 10.1136/bmj.i1152 26957104
Guyatt GH , Oxman AD , Kunz R , et al. GRADE guidelines: 2. Framing the question and deciding on important outcomes . J Clin Epidemiol . 2011 ; 64 ( 4 ): 395 – 400 . 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.012 21194891
Sutherland DH . Gait Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence . Philadelphia, Pennsyvania, USA : Williams & Wilkins , 1984 .
Liyanarachi S , Hulleberg G , Foss OA . Is gastrocnemius tightness a normal finding in children? A cross-sectional study of 204 norwegian schoolchildren . J Bone Joint Surg Am . 2021 ; 103-A ( 20 ): 1872 – 1879 . 10.2106/JBJS.20.01273 34432740
Caserta A , Morgan P , McKay MJ , Baldwin JN , Burns J , Williams C . Children with idiopathic toe walking display differences in lower limb joint ranges and strength compared to peers: a case control study . J Foot Ankle Res . 2022 ; 15 ( 1 ): 70 . 10.1186/s13047-022-00576-x 36089598