Cameron Benner

Publications (14)

Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drugs through large-scale compound repurposing.

Nature

Avec: Laura Riva , Shuofeng Yuan , Xin Yin , Laura Martin-Sancho , Naoko Matsunaga , Lars Pache , Sebastian Burgstaller-Muehlbacher , Paul D De Jesus , Peter Teriete , Mitchell V Hull , Max W Chang , Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan , Jianli Cao , Vincent Kwok-Man Poon , Kristina M Herbert , Kuoyuan Cheng , Tu-Trinh H Nguyen , Andrey Rubanov , Yuan Pu , Courtney Nguyen , Angela Choi , Raveen Rathnasinghe , Michael Schotsaert , Lisa Miorin , Marion Dejosez , Thomas P Zwaka , Ko-Yung Sit , Luis Martinez-Sobrido , Wen-Chun Liu , Kris M White , Mackenzie E Chapman , Emma K Lendy , Richard J Glynne , Randy Albrecht , Eytan Ruppin , Andrew D Mesecar , Jeffrey R Johnson , Christopher Benner , Ren Sun , Peter G Schultz , Andrew I Su , Adolfo García-Sastre , Arnab K Chatterjee , Kwok-Yung Yuen , Sumit K Chanda

Hybrid Gene Origination Creates Human-Virus Chimeric Proteins during Infection.

Cell

Avec: Jessica Sook Yuin Ho , Matthew Angel , Yixuan Ma , Elizabeth Sloan , Guojun Wang , Carles Martinez-Romero , Marta Alenquer , Vladimir Roudko , Liliane Chung , Simin Zheng , Max Chang , Yesai Fstkchyan , Sara Clohisey , Adam M Dinan , James Gibbs , Robert Gifford , Rong Shen , Quan Gu , Nerea Irigoyen , Laura Campisi , Cheng Huang , Nan Zhao , Joshua D Jones , Ingeborg van Knippenberg , Zeyu Zhu , Natasha Moshkina , Léa Meyer , Justine Noel , Zuleyma Peralta , Veronica Rezelj , Robyn Kaake , Brad Rosenberg , Bo Wang , Jiajie Wei , Slobodan Paessler , Helen M Wise , Jeffrey Johnson , Alessandro Vannini , Maria João Amorim , J Kenneth Baillie , Emily R Miraldi , Christopher Benner , Ian Brierley , Paul Digard , Marta Łuksza , Andrew E Firth , Nevan Krogan , Benjamin D Greenbaum , Megan K MacLeod , Harm van Bakel , Adolfo Garcìa-Sastre , Jonathan W Yewdell , Edward Hutchinson , Ivan Marazzi

ARTDeco: automatic readthrough transcription detection.

BMC bioinformatics

Avec: Samuel J Roth , Sven Heinz , Christopher Benner

Functional landscape of SARS-CoV-2 cellular restriction.

Molecular cell

Avec: Laura Martin-Sancho , Mary K Lewinski , Lars Pache , Charlotte A Stoneham , Xin Yin , Mark E Becker , Dexter Pratt , Christopher Churas , Sara B Rosenthal , Sophie Liu , Stuart Weston , Paul D De Jesus , Alan M O'Neill , Anshu P Gounder , Courtney Nguyen , Yuan Pu , Heather M Curry , Aaron L Oom , Lisa Miorin , Ariel Rodriguez-Frandsen , Fan Zheng , Chunxiang Wu , Yong Xiong , Matthew Urbanowski , Megan L Shaw , Max W Chang , Christopher Benner , Thomas J Hope , Matthew B Frieman , Adolfo García-Sastre , Trey Ideker , Judd F Hultquist , John Guatelli , Sumit K Chanda

TOP1 inhibition therapy protects against SARS-CoV-2-induced lethal inflammation.

Cell

Avec: Jessica Sook Yuin Ho , Bobo Wing-Yee Mok , Laura Campisi , Tristan Jordan , Soner Yildiz , Sreeja Parameswaran , Joseph A Wayman , Natasha N Gaudreault , David A Meekins , Sabarish V Indran , Igor Morozov , Jessie D Trujillo , Yesai S Fstkchyan , Raveen Rathnasinghe , Zeyu Zhu , Simin Zheng , Nan Zhao , Kris White , Helen Ray-Jones , Valeriya Malysheva , Michiel J Thiecke , Siu-Ying Lau , Honglian Liu , Anna Junxia Zhang , Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee , Wen-Chun Liu , Sonia Jangra , Alba Escalera , Teresa Aydillo , Betsaida Salom Melo , Ernesto Guccione , Robert Sebra , Elaine Shum , Jan Bakker , David A Kaufman , Andre L Moreira , Mariano Carossino , Udeni B R Balasuriya , Minji Byun , Randy A Albrecht , Michael Schotsaert , Adolfo Garcia-Sastre , Sumit K Chanda , Emily R Miraldi , Anand D Jeyasekharan , Benjamin R TenOever , Mikhail Spivakov , Matthew T Weirauch , Sven Heinz , Honglin Chen , Christopher Benner , Juergen A Richt , Ivan Marazzi

Genome-wide association meta-analysis of nicotine metabolism and cigarette consumption measures in smokers of European descent.

Molecular psychiatry

Avec: Jadwiga Buchwald , Meghan J Chenoweth , Teemu Palviainen , Gu Zhu , Christian Benner , Scott Gordon , Tellervo Korhonen , Samuli Ripatti , Pamela A F Madden , Terho Lehtimäki , Olli T Raitakari , Veikko Salomaa , Richard J Rose , Tony P George , Caryn Lerman , Matti Pirinen , Nicholas G Martin , Jaakko Kaprio , Anu Loukola , Rachel F Tyndale

Genomic Decoding of Neuronal Depolarization by Stimulus-Specific NPAS4 Heterodimers.

Cell

Avec: G Stefano Brigidi , Michael G B Hayes , Nathaniel P Delos Santos , Andrea L Hartzell , Lorane Texari , Pei-Ann Lin , Anna Bartlett , Joseph R Ecker , Christopher Benner , Sven Heinz , Brenda L Bloodgood

An expanded analysis framework for multivariate GWAS connects inflammatory biomarkers to functional variants and disease.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG

Avec: Sanni E Ruotsalainen , Juulia J Partanen , Anna Cichonska , Jake Lin , Christian Benner , Ida Surakka , Auteur inconnu , Mary Pat Reeve , Priit Palta , Marko Salmi , Sirpa Jalkanen , Ari Ahola-Olli , Aarno Palotie , Veikko Salomaa , Mark J Daly , Matti Pirinen , Samuli Ripatti , Jukka Koskela

Exome sequencing and analysis of 454,787 UK Biobank participants.

Nature

Avec: Joshua D Backman , Alexander H Li , Anthony Marcketta , Dylan Sun , Joelle Mbatchou , Michael D Kessler , Christian Benner , Daren Liu , Adam E Locke , Suganthi Balasubramanian , Ashish Yadav , Nilanjana Banerjee , Christopher E Gillies , Amy Damask , Simon Liu , Xiaodong Bai , Alicia Hawes , Evan Maxwell , Lauren Gurski , Kyoko Watanabe , Jack A Kosmicki , Veera Rajagopal , Jason Mighty , Auteur inconnu , Auteur inconnu , Marcus Jones , Lyndon Mitnaul , Eli Stahl , Giovanni Coppola , Eric Jorgenson , Lukas Habegger , William J Salerno , Alan R Shuldiner , Luca A Lotta , John D Overton , Michael N Cantor , Jeffrey G Reid , George Yancopoulos , Hyun M Kang , Jonathan Marchini , Aris Baras , Gonçalo R Abecasis , Manuel A R Ferreira

Sequencing of 640,000 exomes identifies

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Avec: Parsa Akbari , Ankit Gilani , Olukayode Sosina , Jack A Kosmicki , Lori Khrimian , Yi-Ya Fang , Trikaldarshi Persaud , Victor Garcia , Dylan Sun , Alexander Li , Joelle Mbatchou , Adam E Locke , Christian Benner , Niek Verweij , Nan Lin , Sakib Hossain , Kevin Agostinucci , Jonathan V Pascale , Ercument Dirice , Michael Dunn , Auteur inconnu , Auteur inconnu , William E Kraus , Svati H Shah , Yii-Der I Chen , Jerome I Rotter , Daniel J Rader , Olle Melander , Christopher D Still , Tooraj Mirshahi , David J Carey , Jaime Berumen-Campos , Pablo Kuri-Morales , Jesus Alegre-Díaz , Jason M Torres , Jonathan R Emberson , Rory Collins , Suganthi Balasubramanian , Alicia Hawes , Marcus Jones , Brian Zambrowicz , Andrew J Murphy , Charles Paulding , Giovanni Coppola , John D Overton , Jeffrey G Reid , Alan R Shuldiner , Michael Cantor , Hyun M Kang , Goncalo R Abecasis , Katia Karalis , Aris N Economides , Jonathan Marchini , George D Yancopoulos , Mark W Sleeman , Judith Altarejos , Giusy Della Gatta , Roberto Tapia-Conyer , Michal L Schwartzman , Aris Baras , Manuel A R Ferreira , Luca A Lotta

Ingestion of single guide RNAs induces gene overexpression and extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans via CRISPR activation.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Avec: Fabian Fischer , Christoph Benner , Anita Goyala , Giovanna Grigolon , Davide Vitiello , JiaYee Wu , Kim Zarse , Collin Y Ewald , Michael Ristow

Population-scale analysis of common and rare genetic variation associated with hearing loss in adults.

Communications biology

Avec: Kavita Praveen , Lee Dobbyn , Lauren Gurski , Ariane H Ayer , Jeffrey Staples , Shawn Mishra , Yu Bai , Alexandra Kaufman , Arden Moscati , Christian Benner , Esteban Chen , Siying Chen , Alexander Popov , Janell Smith , Auteur inconnu , Auteur inconnu , Auteur inconnu , Olle Melander , Marcus B Jones , Jonathan Marchini , Suganthi Balasubramanian , Brian Zambrowicz , Meghan C Drummond , Aris Baras , Goncalo R Abecasis , Manuel A Ferreira , Eli A Stahl , Giovanni Coppola

Human-gained heart enhancers are associated with species-specific cardiac attributes.

Nature cardiovascular research

Avec: Eugin Destici , Fugui Zhu , Shaina Tran , Sebastian Preissl , Elie N Farah , Yanxiao Zhang , Xiameng Hou , Olivier B Poirion , Ah Young Lee , Jonathan D Grinstein , Joshua Bloomekatz , Hong Sook Kim , Robert Hu , Sylvia M Evans , Bing Ren , Chris Benner , Neil C Chi

Strain and sex-related behavioral variability of oxycodone dependence in rats.

Neuropharmacology

Avec: Michelle R Doyle , Angelica R Martinez , Ran Qiao , Selen Dirik , Francesca Di Ottavio , Glenn Pascasio , Rémi Martin-Fardon , Christopher Benner , Olivier George , Francesca Telese , Giordano de Guglielmo

Réseau de co-auteurs

None None 8 collaborations

Christopher Benner 7 collaborations

Christian Benner 5 collaborations

Sumit K Chanda 3 collaborations

Sven Heinz 3 collaborations

Suganthi Balasubramanian 3 collaborations

Giovanni Coppola 3 collaborations

Jonathan Marchini 3 collaborations

Aris Baras 3 collaborations

Xin Yin 2 collaborations

Laura Martin-Sancho 2 collaborations

Lars Pache 2 collaborations

Paul D De Jesus 2 collaborations

Max W Chang 2 collaborations

Yuan Pu 2 collaborations

Courtney Nguyen 2 collaborations

Raveen Rathnasinghe 2 collaborations

Michael Schotsaert 2 collaborations

Lisa Miorin 2 collaborations

Wen-Chun Liu 2 collaborations

Adolfo García-Sastre 2 collaborations

Jessica Sook Yuin Ho 2 collaborations

Simin Zheng 2 collaborations

Laura Campisi 2 collaborations

Nan Zhao 2 collaborations

Zeyu Zhu 2 collaborations

Emily R Miraldi 2 collaborations

Ivan Marazzi 2 collaborations

Samuli Ripatti 2 collaborations

Veikko Salomaa 2 collaborations

Matti Pirinen 2 collaborations

Dylan Sun 2 collaborations

Joelle Mbatchou 2 collaborations

Adam E Locke 2 collaborations

Alicia Hawes 2 collaborations

Lauren Gurski 2 collaborations

Jack A Kosmicki 2 collaborations

Marcus Jones 2 collaborations

Alan R Shuldiner 2 collaborations

Luca A Lotta 2 collaborations

John D Overton 2 collaborations

Jeffrey G Reid 2 collaborations

Hyun M Kang 2 collaborations

Manuel A R Ferreira 2 collaborations

Olle Melander 2 collaborations

Brian Zambrowicz 2 collaborations

Goncalo R Abecasis 2 collaborations

Laura Riva 1 collaboration

Shuofeng Yuan 1 collaboration

Naoko Matsunaga 1 collaboration

Sebastian Burgstaller-Muehlbacher 1 collaboration

Peter Teriete 1 collaboration

Mitchell V Hull 1 collaboration

Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan 1 collaboration

Jianli Cao 1 collaboration

Vincent Kwok-Man Poon 1 collaboration

Kristina M Herbert 1 collaboration

Kuoyuan Cheng 1 collaboration

Tu-Trinh H Nguyen 1 collaboration

Andrey Rubanov 1 collaboration

Angela Choi 1 collaboration

Marion Dejosez 1 collaboration

Thomas P Zwaka 1 collaboration

Ko-Yung Sit 1 collaboration

Luis Martinez-Sobrido 1 collaboration

Kris M White 1 collaboration

Mackenzie E Chapman 1 collaboration

Emma K Lendy 1 collaboration

Richard J Glynne 1 collaboration

Randy Albrecht 1 collaboration

Eytan Ruppin 1 collaboration

Andrew D Mesecar 1 collaboration

Jeffrey R Johnson 1 collaboration

Ren Sun 1 collaboration

Peter G Schultz 1 collaboration

Andrew I Su 1 collaboration

Arnab K Chatterjee 1 collaboration

Kwok-Yung Yuen 1 collaboration

Matthew Angel 1 collaboration

Yixuan Ma 1 collaboration

Elizabeth Sloan 1 collaboration

Guojun Wang 1 collaboration

Carles Martinez-Romero 1 collaboration

Marta Alenquer 1 collaboration

Vladimir Roudko 1 collaboration

Liliane Chung 1 collaboration

Max Chang 1 collaboration

Yesai Fstkchyan 1 collaboration

Sara Clohisey 1 collaboration

Adam M Dinan 1 collaboration

James Gibbs 1 collaboration

Robert Gifford 1 collaboration

Rong Shen 1 collaboration

Quan Gu 1 collaboration

Nerea Irigoyen 1 collaboration

Cheng Huang 1 collaboration

Joshua D Jones 1 collaboration

Ingeborg van Knippenberg 1 collaboration

Natasha Moshkina 1 collaboration

Léa Meyer 1 collaboration

Justine Noel 1 collaboration

Zuleyma Peralta 1 collaboration

Veronica Rezelj 1 collaboration

Robyn Kaake 1 collaboration

Brad Rosenberg 1 collaboration

Bo Wang 1 collaboration

Jiajie Wei 1 collaboration

Slobodan Paessler 1 collaboration

Helen M Wise 1 collaboration

Jeffrey Johnson 1 collaboration

Alessandro Vannini 1 collaboration

Maria João Amorim 1 collaboration

J Kenneth Baillie 1 collaboration

Ian Brierley 1 collaboration

Paul Digard 1 collaboration

Marta Łuksza 1 collaboration

Andrew E Firth 1 collaboration

Nevan Krogan 1 collaboration

Benjamin D Greenbaum 1 collaboration

Megan K MacLeod 1 collaboration

Harm van Bakel 1 collaboration

Adolfo Garcìa-Sastre 1 collaboration

Jonathan W Yewdell 1 collaboration

Edward Hutchinson 1 collaboration

Samuel J Roth 1 collaboration

Mary K Lewinski 1 collaboration

Charlotte A Stoneham 1 collaboration

Mark E Becker 1 collaboration

Dexter Pratt 1 collaboration

Christopher Churas 1 collaboration

Sara B Rosenthal 1 collaboration

Sophie Liu 1 collaboration

Stuart Weston 1 collaboration

Alan M O'Neill 1 collaboration

Anshu P Gounder 1 collaboration

Heather M Curry 1 collaboration

Aaron L Oom 1 collaboration

Ariel Rodriguez-Frandsen 1 collaboration

Fan Zheng 1 collaboration

Chunxiang Wu 1 collaboration

Yong Xiong 1 collaboration

Matthew Urbanowski 1 collaboration

Megan L Shaw 1 collaboration

Thomas J Hope 1 collaboration

Matthew B Frieman 1 collaboration

Trey Ideker 1 collaboration

Judd F Hultquist 1 collaboration

John Guatelli 1 collaboration

Bobo Wing-Yee Mok 1 collaboration

Tristan Jordan 1 collaboration

Soner Yildiz 1 collaboration

Sreeja Parameswaran 1 collaboration

Joseph A Wayman 1 collaboration

Natasha N Gaudreault 1 collaboration

David A Meekins 1 collaboration

Sabarish V Indran 1 collaboration

Igor Morozov 1 collaboration

Jessie D Trujillo 1 collaboration

Yesai S Fstkchyan 1 collaboration

Kris White 1 collaboration

Helen Ray-Jones 1 collaboration

Valeriya Malysheva 1 collaboration

Michiel J Thiecke 1 collaboration

Siu-Ying Lau 1 collaboration

Honglian Liu 1 collaboration

Anna Junxia Zhang 1 collaboration

Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee 1 collaboration

Sonia Jangra 1 collaboration

Alba Escalera 1 collaboration

Teresa Aydillo 1 collaboration

Betsaida Salom Melo 1 collaboration

Ernesto Guccione 1 collaboration

Robert Sebra 1 collaboration

Elaine Shum 1 collaboration

Jan Bakker 1 collaboration

David A Kaufman 1 collaboration

Andre L Moreira 1 collaboration

Mariano Carossino 1 collaboration

Udeni B R Balasuriya 1 collaboration

Minji Byun 1 collaboration

Randy A Albrecht 1 collaboration

Adolfo Garcia-Sastre 1 collaboration

Anand D Jeyasekharan 1 collaboration

Benjamin R TenOever 1 collaboration

Mikhail Spivakov 1 collaboration

Matthew T Weirauch 1 collaboration

Honglin Chen 1 collaboration

Juergen A Richt 1 collaboration

Jadwiga Buchwald 1 collaboration

Meghan J Chenoweth 1 collaboration

Teemu Palviainen 1 collaboration

Gu Zhu 1 collaboration

Scott Gordon 1 collaboration

Tellervo Korhonen 1 collaboration

Pamela A F Madden 1 collaboration

Terho Lehtimäki 1 collaboration

Olli T Raitakari 1 collaboration

Richard J Rose 1 collaboration

Tony P George 1 collaboration

Caryn Lerman 1 collaboration

Nicholas G Martin 1 collaboration

Jaakko Kaprio 1 collaboration

Anu Loukola 1 collaboration

Rachel F Tyndale 1 collaboration

G Stefano Brigidi 1 collaboration

Michael G B Hayes 1 collaboration

Nathaniel P Delos Santos 1 collaboration

Andrea L Hartzell 1 collaboration

Lorane Texari 1 collaboration

Pei-Ann Lin 1 collaboration

Anna Bartlett 1 collaboration

Joseph R Ecker 1 collaboration

Brenda L Bloodgood 1 collaboration

Sanni E Ruotsalainen 1 collaboration

Juulia J Partanen 1 collaboration

Anna Cichonska 1 collaboration

Jake Lin 1 collaboration

Ida Surakka 1 collaboration

Mary Pat Reeve 1 collaboration

Priit Palta 1 collaboration

Marko Salmi 1 collaboration

Sirpa Jalkanen 1 collaboration

Ari Ahola-Olli 1 collaboration

Aarno Palotie 1 collaboration

Mark J Daly 1 collaboration

Jukka Koskela 1 collaboration

Joshua D Backman 1 collaboration

Alexander H Li 1 collaboration

Anthony Marcketta 1 collaboration

Michael D Kessler 1 collaboration

Daren Liu 1 collaboration

Ashish Yadav 1 collaboration

Nilanjana Banerjee 1 collaboration

Christopher E Gillies 1 collaboration

Amy Damask 1 collaboration

Simon Liu 1 collaboration

Xiaodong Bai 1 collaboration

Evan Maxwell 1 collaboration

Kyoko Watanabe 1 collaboration

Veera Rajagopal 1 collaboration

Jason Mighty 1 collaboration

Lyndon Mitnaul 1 collaboration

Eli Stahl 1 collaboration

Eric Jorgenson 1 collaboration

Lukas Habegger 1 collaboration

William J Salerno 1 collaboration

Michael N Cantor 1 collaboration

George Yancopoulos 1 collaboration

Gonçalo R Abecasis 1 collaboration

Parsa Akbari 1 collaboration

Ankit Gilani 1 collaboration

Olukayode Sosina 1 collaboration

Lori Khrimian 1 collaboration

Yi-Ya Fang 1 collaboration

Trikaldarshi Persaud 1 collaboration

Victor Garcia 1 collaboration

Alexander Li 1 collaboration

Niek Verweij 1 collaboration

Nan Lin 1 collaboration

Sakib Hossain 1 collaboration

Kevin Agostinucci 1 collaboration

Jonathan V Pascale 1 collaboration

Ercument Dirice 1 collaboration

Michael Dunn 1 collaboration

William E Kraus 1 collaboration

Svati H Shah 1 collaboration

Yii-Der I Chen 1 collaboration

Jerome I Rotter 1 collaboration

Daniel J Rader 1 collaboration

Christopher D Still 1 collaboration

Tooraj Mirshahi 1 collaboration

David J Carey 1 collaboration

Jaime Berumen-Campos 1 collaboration

Pablo Kuri-Morales 1 collaboration

Jesus Alegre-Díaz 1 collaboration

Jason M Torres 1 collaboration

Jonathan R Emberson 1 collaboration

Rory Collins 1 collaboration

Andrew J Murphy 1 collaboration

Charles Paulding 1 collaboration

Michael Cantor 1 collaboration

Katia Karalis 1 collaboration

Aris N Economides 1 collaboration

George D Yancopoulos 1 collaboration

Mark W Sleeman 1 collaboration

Judith Altarejos 1 collaboration

Giusy Della Gatta 1 collaboration

Roberto Tapia-Conyer 1 collaboration

Michal L Schwartzman 1 collaboration

Fabian Fischer 1 collaboration

Christoph Benner 1 collaboration

Anita Goyala 1 collaboration

Giovanna Grigolon 1 collaboration

Davide Vitiello 1 collaboration

JiaYee Wu 1 collaboration

Kim Zarse 1 collaboration

Collin Y Ewald 1 collaboration

Michael Ristow 1 collaboration

Kavita Praveen 1 collaboration

Lee Dobbyn 1 collaboration

Ariane H Ayer 1 collaboration

Jeffrey Staples 1 collaboration

Shawn Mishra 1 collaboration

Yu Bai 1 collaboration

Alexandra Kaufman 1 collaboration

Arden Moscati 1 collaboration

Esteban Chen 1 collaboration

Siying Chen 1 collaboration

Alexander Popov 1 collaboration

Janell Smith 1 collaboration

Marcus B Jones 1 collaboration

Meghan C Drummond 1 collaboration

Manuel A Ferreira 1 collaboration

Eli A Stahl 1 collaboration

Eugin Destici 1 collaboration

Fugui Zhu 1 collaboration

Shaina Tran 1 collaboration

Sebastian Preissl 1 collaboration

Elie N Farah 1 collaboration

Yanxiao Zhang 1 collaboration

Xiameng Hou 1 collaboration

Olivier B Poirion 1 collaboration

Ah Young Lee 1 collaboration

Jonathan D Grinstein 1 collaboration

Joshua Bloomekatz 1 collaboration

Hong Sook Kim 1 collaboration

Robert Hu 1 collaboration

Sylvia M Evans 1 collaboration

Bing Ren 1 collaboration

Chris Benner 1 collaboration

Neil C Chi 1 collaboration

Michelle R Doyle 1 collaboration

Angelica R Martinez 1 collaboration

Ran Qiao 1 collaboration

Selen Dirik 1 collaboration

Francesca Di Ottavio 1 collaboration

Glenn Pascasio 1 collaboration

Rémi Martin-Fardon 1 collaboration

Olivier George 1 collaboration

Francesca Telese 1 collaboration

Giordano de Guglielmo 1 collaboration