Comment diagnostique-t-on une infection virale ?

Le diagnostic repose sur des tests sanguins, des cultures virales et des analyses cliniques.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour le VIH ?

Les tests de dépistage incluent les tests ELISA et les tests de charge virale.

Les symptômes peuvent-ils indiquer un virus spécifique ?

Oui, certains symptômes comme la fièvre ou la toux peuvent orienter vers un virus particulier.

Quelle est l'importance des tests PCR ?

Les tests PCR détectent l'ADN ou l'ARN viral, permettant un diagnostic précoce et précis.

Peut-on diagnostiquer une grippe sans test ?

Oui, un médecin peut diagnostiquer la grippe par l'examen clinique et les symptômes.

Quels sont les symptômes courants des maladies virales ?

Fièvre, fatigue, douleurs musculaires, toux et maux de tête sont fréquents.

La diarrhée est-elle un symptôme viral ?

Oui, certaines infections virales, comme le rotavirus, peuvent provoquer des diarrhées.

Les éruptions cutanées sont-elles liées aux virus ?

Oui, des virus comme la varicelle peuvent provoquer des éruptions cutanées.

Comment la fatigue se manifeste-t-elle dans les infections virales ?

La fatigue peut être intense et persistante, souvent due à la réponse immunitaire.

Les symptômes varient-ils selon le virus ?

Oui, chaque virus peut provoquer un ensemble de symptômes distincts.

Comment prévenir les infections virales ?

Se laver les mains, éviter les contacts étroits et se faire vacciner sont essentiels.

Les vaccins sont-ils sûrs ?

Oui, les vaccins sont rigoureusement testés pour leur sécurité et leur efficacité.

Le port du masque aide-t-il à prévenir les virus ?

Oui, le port du masque réduit la transmission des virus respiratoires.

Quelles sont les recommandations pour les voyages ?

Se faire vacciner et éviter les foules sont recommandés lors de voyages.

L'hygiène alimentaire peut-elle prévenir les infections ?

Oui, une bonne hygiène alimentaire réduit le risque d'infections virales d'origine alimentaire.

Quels traitements sont disponibles pour les infections virales ?

Les traitements incluent des antiviraux, des soins symptomatiques et des vaccins.

Les antibiotiques sont-ils efficaces contre les virus ?

Non, les antibiotiques ne traitent que les infections bactériennes, pas virales.

Comment les antiviraux fonctionnent-ils ?

Les antiviraux inhibent la réplication virale, réduisant la gravité et la durée de l'infection.

Les vaccins préviennent-ils les maladies virales ?

Oui, les vaccins stimulent le système immunitaire pour prévenir certaines infections virales.

Quels sont les traitements pour l'hépatite virale ?

Les traitements incluent des antiviraux spécifiques et des soins de soutien.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec la grippe ?

Des complications comme la pneumonie et l'aggravation des maladies chroniques peuvent survenir.

Les infections virales peuvent-elles causer des maladies chroniques ?

Oui, certaines infections virales peuvent entraîner des maladies chroniques comme l'hépatite.

Quelles sont les complications du VIH ?

Le VIH peut entraîner des infections opportunistes et des cancers liés à l'immunodéficience.

Les virus peuvent-ils affecter le système nerveux ?

Oui, des virus comme le virus de la rage peuvent causer des atteintes neurologiques graves.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir après une infection par le COVID-19 ?

Des complications comme le syndrome post-COVID, des problèmes respiratoires et neurologiques peuvent survenir.

Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour les infections virales ?

Les facteurs incluent un système immunitaire affaibli, le vieillissement et le manque de vaccination.

Le stress augmente-t-il le risque d'infections virales ?

Oui, le stress peut affaiblir le système immunitaire, augmentant le risque d'infections.

Les enfants sont-ils plus à risque d'infections virales ?

Oui, les enfants ont un système immunitaire en développement, les rendant plus vulnérables.

Le tabagisme influence-t-il les infections virales ?

Oui, le tabagisme peut affaiblir les défenses immunitaires et augmenter le risque d'infections.

Les voyages augmentent-ils le risque d'infections virales ?

Oui, les voyages peuvent exposer à de nouveaux virus et augmenter le risque d'infection.

Maladies virales - Informations médicales vérifiées

Pharmacokinetic boosting of olaparib: A randomised, cross-over study (PROACTIVE-study).

11 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113346 PMID: 37806255

Pharmacokinetic (PK) boosting is the intentional use of a drug-drug interaction to enhance systemic drug exposure. PK boosting of olaparib, a CYP3A-substrate, has the potential to reduce PK variabilit... This cross-over, multicentre trial compared olaparib 300 mg twice daily (BID) with olaparib 100 mg BID boosted with the strong CYP3A-inhibitor cobicistat 150 mg BID. Patients were randomised to the st... Of 15 included patients, 12 were eligible for PK analysis. The GMR of the AUC... Boosting a 100 mg BID olaparib dose with cobicistat increases olaparib exposure 1.45-fold, compared to the standard dose of 300 mg BID. Equivalence of the boosted olaparib was thus not established. Bo...

Humans Cross-Over Studies Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Piperazines Cobicistat

A randomized cross-over study of cryopreserved platelets in prophylactic transfusions of thrombocytopenic patients.

09 2023

DOI: 10.1111/trf.17503 PMID: 37596937

The short shelf-life of liquid-stored platelets (LP) at 20-24°C poses shortage and wastage challenges. Cryopreserved platelets have significantly extended shelf-life, and were safe and efficacious for... We performed a phase 1b/2a randomized cross-over study comparing the safety and efficacy of cryopreserved buffy coat-derived pooled platelets (CP) to LP in the prophylactic transfusions of thrombocyto... A total of 18 adults were randomly assigned 1:1 to CP and LP for their first thrombocytopenic period (TP) of up to 28-days. A total of 14 crossed over to the other platelet-arm for the second TP. Over... During shortages, CP may supplement LP in prophylactic transfusions of thrombocytopenic patients....

Adult Humans Blood Platelets Cross-Over Studies Blood Transfusion +2 autres

Webtool to enhance the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms for HFpEF: a prospective cross-over study.

Dec 2023

DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14525 PMID: 37724334

Diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can be challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a webtool to enhance the scoring accuracy when applying the comple... We developed an online tool, the HFpEF calculator, that enables the automatic calculation of current HFpEF algorithms. We assessed the accuracy of manual vs. automatic scoring, defined as the percenta... Manual calculation of HFpEF diagnostic algorithms is often inaccurate. Using an automated webtool to calculate HFpEF algorithms significantly improved correct scoring. This new approach may impact the...

Humans Heart Failure Cross-Over Studies Stroke Volume Prospective Studies +1 autres

Physical intradialytic patient-reported outcome measures in haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration: A cross-over study.

May 2023

DOI: 10.1111/nep.14154 PMID: 36861385

Standard haemodialysis (sHD) is associated with a poor survival and marked adverse intradialytic patient-reported outcome measures (ID-PROMs). Whereas physical ID-PROMs (PID-PROMs) are alleviated by c... To assess whether PID-PROMs and thermal perception differ between sHD, cHD, low volume HDF (lvHDF) and high volume HDF (hvHDF), 40 patients were cross-over randomized to each modality for 2 weeks. Dia... Except for the item 'feeling cold' during cHD (p = .01), PID-PROMs did not differ between modalities, but varied markedly between patients (11/13 items, p < .05). T... (1) PID-PROMs did not differ between modalities, but varied markedly between patients. Hence, PID-PROMs are largely patient-dependent. (2) While T...

Humans Renal Dialysis Hemodiafiltration Cross-Over Studies Temperature +2 autres

Caution with competitive gamification in medical education: unexpected results of a randomised cross-over study.

19 Apr 2023

DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04258-5 PMID: 37072842

To intrinsically motivate students in the long term, longitudinal e-learning systems combined with repeated testing and competitive gamification seem promising. The effects of this approach have never... Participants were 5.-9. semester medical students (n = 48), recruited in an elective evidence-based medicine subject and randomly distributed to two groups (group 1: n = 23; group 2: n = 25). Both acc... Students' improvements in e-test scores after training with the corresponding topics in the learning application can be attributed to chance. Even though the majority enjoyed playing and felt motivate... The authors found no evidence for benefits of the investigated learning programme on students' risk competence or on their internal motivation. The majority disapproved the competitive concept, indica...

Humans Cross-Over Studies Gamification Prospective Studies Education, Medical +1 autres

Face masks while exercising trial (MERIT): a cross-over randomised controlled study.

05 01 2023

DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063014 PMID: 36604128

Physical exertion is a high-risk activity for aerosol emission of respiratory pathogens. We aimed to determine the safety and tolerability of healthy young adults wearing different types of face mask ... Cross-over randomised controlled study, completed between June 2021 and January 2022.... Volunteers aged 18-35 years, who exercised regularly and had no significant pre-existing health conditions.... Comparison of wearing a surgical, cloth and filtering face piece (FFP3) mask to no mask during 4×15 min bouts of exercise. Exercise was running outdoors or indoor rowing at moderate-to-high intensity,... The primary outcome was change in oxygen saturations. Secondary outcomes were change in heart rate, perceived impact of face mask wearing during exercise and willingness to wear a face mask for future... All 72 volunteers (mean age 23.9) completed the study. Changes in oxygen saturations did not exceed the prespecified non-inferiority margin (2% difference) with any mask type compared with no mask. At... This study adds to previous findings (mostly from non-randomised studies) that exercising at moderate-to-high intensity wearing a face mask appears to be safe in healthy, young adults.... NCT04932226....

Young Adult Humans Adult COVID-19 Masks +3 autres

The Effects of Potato Presentation on Vegetable Intake in School-Aged Children: A Cross-Over Study.

24 Oct 2023

DOI: 10.3390/nu15214496 PMID: 37960149

Vegetables are an essential component of a healthy dietary pattern in children; however, their consumption is often insufficient due to lack of preference. To address this, the influence of combining ...

Child Humans Male Cross-Over Studies Diet +6 autres

The effect of pre-match sexual intercourse on football players' performance: a prospective cross over study.

Feb 2023

DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.22.14022-3 PMID: 35816144

Current research suggests that pre-competition sexual intercourse does not influence athletes' performance. Yet, high quality studies in this field are scarce.... We aimed to investigate whether sexual activity negatively influences physiological performance. We conducted a prospective cross over study, which enrolled active players from the first team of a foo... We enrolled 14 participants who participated in 88 football matches. The mean age was 29.7 (±3.8) years and the majority were in permanent relationships for longer than 6 months (78.6%). We identified... To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show that sexual intercourse the night before a football match may have a negative influence on players' performance....

Humans Adult Football Cross-Over Studies Prospective Studies +3 autres

Characterising applied forces during positive pressure ventilation: a randomised cross-over simulation study.

24 Jul 2024

DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002828 PMID: 39053968

To characterise applied force on the face and head during simulated mask ventilation with varying mask, device and expertise level.... Randomised cross-over simulation study.... A quiet, empty room in the children's hospital.... Neonatal healthcare providers, categorised as novices and experts in positive pressure ventilation (PPV).... PPV for 2 min each in a 2×2 within-subjects design with two masks (round and anatomic) and two ventilation devices (T-piece and self-inflating bag (SIB)).... Applied force (Newton (N)) measured under the head and at four locations on the manikin's face (nasal bridge, mentum, left and right zygomatic arches) and symmetry of force applied around the mask rim... For the 51 participants, force applied to the head was greater with the SIB than the T-piece (mean (SD): 16.03 (6.96) N vs 14.31 (5.16) N) and greater with the anatomic mask than the round mask (mean ... We characterised an initial dataset of applied forces on the face and head during simulated PPV and described differences in force when considering mask type, device type and expertise....

Humans Cross-Over Studies Manikins Masks Positive-Pressure Respiration +9 autres

Pediatric olfactory home testing using regular household items: A cross-over validation study.

Jul 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111173 PMID: 35561440

To develop an olfactory test that can be conducted by an untrained person using common household items and to introduce a German version of the Chemosensory Pleasure Scale for Children (CPS-C(de)).... This olfactory home test was developed in phases including evaluation of odors for suitability in a home setting. Parents of 50 children (ages 6-17) were then equipped with instruction manuals and par... Fourteen items were tested for feasibility, and all were identified on a sufficient rate (≥66%, mean ± SD of 93.3% ± 9.5%). Bland Altman Plot analysis between home testing and the U-Sniff test was nea... Remote olfactory testing in children using household items is feasible. The CPS-C(de) may be of value for future olfactory studies....

Adolescent Child Cross-Over Studies Humans Odorants +3 autres

Maladies virales : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Infections à arbovirus

Infections à virus à ADN

Infections à virus à ARN

Infections à virus lents

Infections à virus oncogènes

Infections à Adenoviridae

Infections à Circoviridae

Infections à Hepadnaviridae

Infections à Herpesviridae

Infections à Parvoviridae

Infections à polyomavirus

Infections à Poxviridae

Infections à Arenaviridae

Infections à Astroviridae

Infections à Birnaviridae

Infections à Bunyaviridae

Infections à Caliciviridae

Infections à Flaviviridae

Fièvres hémorragiques virales

Infections à Mononegavirales

Infections à Nidovirales

Infections à Orthomyxoviridae

Infections à Picornaviridae

Infections à Reoviridae

Infections à Retroviridae

Infections à Togaviridae

Infections à virus Epstein-Barr

Infections humaines à adénovirus

Infections à cytomégalovirus

Infections à roséolovirus

Infection à virus varicelle-zona

Cowpox

Variole

Vaccine

Infections à hantavirus

Fièvre à phlébotomes

Syndrome de fièvre sévère avec thrombocytopénie

Infections à flavivirus

Infections à pestivirus

Dengue

Fièvre hémorragique avec syndrome rénal

Fièvre hémorragique américaine

Fièvre hémorragique de Crimée-Congo

Fièvre hémorragique d'Omsk

Maladie de la forêt Kyasanur

Fièvre de Lassa

Fièvre jaune

Infections à Filoviridae

Infections à Paramyxoviridae

Infections à Rhabdoviridae

Infections à artérivirus

Infections à Coronaviridae

Infections à cardiovirus

Infections à entérovirus

Fièvre à tiques du Colorado

Infections à rotavirus

Infections à lentivirus

Infections à alphavirus

Infections à rubivirus

Varicelle

Zona

Infection par le virus Zika

Dengue sévère

Fièvre hémorragique à virus Ebola

Infections à avulavirus

Infections à hénipavirus

Infections à virus morbilleux

Infections à pneumovirus

Infections à respirovirus