Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Unravelling the structure of genotype-phenotype (GP) maps is an important problem in biology. Recently, arguments inspired by algorithmic information theory (AIT) and Kolmogorov complexity have been i...
In this paper, we illustrate some serious difficulties involved in conveying information about uncertain risks and securing informed consent for risky interventions in a clinical setting. We argue tha...
Problems with uniform probabilities on an infinite support show up in contemporary cosmology. This paper focuses on the context of inflation theory, where it complicates the assignment of a probabilit...
How does probability affect attributions of intentionality? In five experiments (total N = 1410), we provide evidence for a probability raising account holding that people are more likely to see the o...
Written by a mathematical physicist (and son of a surgeon), this article provides a partly historical and partly substantive introduction to the concepts of chance and probability, with an occasional ...
The incidence of hip and major osteoporotic fracture was increased in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism even in patients not referred for parathyroidectomy. The risk of death was also increase...
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with an increase in the risk of fracture. In FRAX, the increase in risk is assumed to be mediated by low bone mineral density (BMD). However, the risk ...
The aim of this study was to determine whether PHPT affects hip fracture and major osteoporotic fracture risk independently of bone mineral density (BMD) and whether this and any increase in mortality...
A register-based survey of patients with PHPT and matched controls in Denmark were identified from hospital registers. The incidence of death, hip fracture, and major osteoporotic fracture were determ...
We identified 6884 patients with biochemically confirmed PHPT and 68,665 matched population controls. On follow-up, excluding time after parathyroidectomy in those undergoing surgery, patients with PH...
The risk of hip and other major osteoporotic fracture is increased in PHPT irrespective of the disease severity. Fracture probability was attenuated due to the competing effect of mortality. The incre...
This study examined the use of the high-probability (high-p) instructional sequence during pre-academic or academic activities for three young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) se...
Rachlin and colleagues laid the groundwork for treating the discounting of probabilistic goods as a variant of the discounting of delayed goods. This approach was seminal for a large body of subsequen...
Extracting statistical regularities from the environment is crucial for survival. It allows us to learn cues for where and when future events will occur. Can we learn these associations even when the ...
In the closing decades of the 20th century, a method of calculating numerical probabilities based on populations-at-risk emerged in public health/epidemiology and then moved into clinical medicine. Th...
