Effects of stimulant drug use on the dopaminergic system: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vivo neuroimaging studies.
Amphetamine-Related Disorders
/ metabolism
Brain
/ metabolism
Central Nervous System Stimulants
/ pharmacology
Dopamine
Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
/ drug effects
Heroin Dependence
/ metabolism
Humans
Methamphetamine
/ metabolism
Neostriatum
/ metabolism
Receptors, Dopamine D2
/ metabolism
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
Amphetamines
Cocaine
DAT
Dopamine
Neuroimaging
Neurotransmitters
Nicotine
PET
SPECT
Striatum
Journal
European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
ISSN: 1778-3585
Titre abrégé: Eur Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9111820
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2019
06 2019
Historique:
received:
18
01
2019
revised:
13
03
2019
accepted:
17
03
2019
pubmed:
15
4
2019
medline:
16
7
2020
entrez:
15
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Stimulant drugs can cause persistent changes in the brain. Imaging studies show that these changes are most apparent in dopamine transporter (DAT) or receptor availability within the striatum. This work focuses on influences of stimulant use on dopaminergic function assessed using nuclear-medicine imaging (PET/SPECT). Included are 39 studies on 655 cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine or nicotine users, as well as 690 healthy controls. Metaanalyses were conducted separately for D2/D3 receptors and dopamine transporters of the entire striatum, its subregions caudate and putamen respectively. Meta-analyses results regarding nicotine did not show significant effects between smokers and nonsmokers. In cocaine users there was a significant decrease in dopamine receptor availability in all regions. The striatal DAT availability was significantly increased in cocaine users. Methamphetamine users showed a significantly decreased dopamine receptor and transporter density in all regions. Significant results also indicate a lower transporter availability in all regions. Amphetamine users showed reduced DAT availability in the striatum, as well as in the sub regions. This meta-analysis provides evidence that there are ongoing changes in the dopaminergic system associated with the use of stimulants. Especially the results of cocaine, methamphetamine and amphetamine use mainly showed a downregulation. In addition, this meta-analysis is the first to include nicotine. This subset of studies showed evidence for a decreased receptor and DAT availability but no significant results were found in the metaanalyses.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Stimulant drugs can cause persistent changes in the brain. Imaging studies show that these changes are most apparent in dopamine transporter (DAT) or receptor availability within the striatum.
METHODS
This work focuses on influences of stimulant use on dopaminergic function assessed using nuclear-medicine imaging (PET/SPECT). Included are 39 studies on 655 cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine or nicotine users, as well as 690 healthy controls. Metaanalyses were conducted separately for D2/D3 receptors and dopamine transporters of the entire striatum, its subregions caudate and putamen respectively.
RESULTS
Meta-analyses results regarding nicotine did not show significant effects between smokers and nonsmokers. In cocaine users there was a significant decrease in dopamine receptor availability in all regions. The striatal DAT availability was significantly increased in cocaine users. Methamphetamine users showed a significantly decreased dopamine receptor and transporter density in all regions. Significant results also indicate a lower transporter availability in all regions. Amphetamine users showed reduced DAT availability in the striatum, as well as in the sub regions.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis provides evidence that there are ongoing changes in the dopaminergic system associated with the use of stimulants. Especially the results of cocaine, methamphetamine and amphetamine use mainly showed a downregulation. In addition, this meta-analysis is the first to include nicotine. This subset of studies showed evidence for a decreased receptor and DAT availability but no significant results were found in the metaanalyses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30981746
pii: S0924-9338(19)30057-4
doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.003
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Central Nervous System Stimulants
0
Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
0
Receptors, Dopamine D2
0
Methamphetamine
44RAL3456C
Dopamine
VTD58H1Z2X
Types de publication
Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
15-24Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.