Mortality in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.

Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Anxiety Disorders / mortality Cause of Death Child Child, Preschool Comorbidity Conversion Disorder / mortality Depressive Disorder / mortality Diagnosis-Related Groups Dissociative Disorders / mortality Electroencephalography Epilepsy / mortality Female Humans Male Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Risk Seizures / mortality Substance-Related Disorders / mortality Suicide / statistics & numerical data Tertiary Care Centers / statistics & numerical data Victoria / epidemiology Video Recording Young Adult

Journal

Neurology
ISSN: 1526-632X
Titre abrégé: Neurology
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0401060

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 08 2020
Historique:
received: 18 08 2019
accepted: 06 02 2020
pubmed: 22 7 2020
medline: 21 10 2020
entrez: 22 7 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

To investigate the hypothesis that patients diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) on video-EEG monitoring (VEM) have increased mortality by comparison to the general population. This retrospective cohort study included patients evaluated in VEM units of 3 tertiary hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2015. Diagnosis was based on consensus opinion of experienced epileptologists and neuropsychiatrists at each hospital. Mortality was determined in patients diagnosed with PNES, epilepsy, or both conditions by linkage to the Australian National Death Index. Lifetime history of psychiatric disorders in PNES was determined from formal neuropsychiatric reports. A total of 5,508 patients underwent VEM. A total of 674 (12.2%) were diagnosed with PNES, 3064 (55.6%) with epilepsy, 175 (3.2%) with both conditions, and 1,595 (29.0%) received other diagnoses or had no diagnosis made. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of patients diagnosed with PNES was 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0-3.3). Those younger than 30 had an 8-fold higher risk of death (95% CI 3.4-19.8). Direct comparison revealed no significant difference in mortality rate between diagnostic groups. Among deaths in patients diagnosed with PNES (n = 55), external causes contributed 18%, with 20% of deaths in those younger than 50 years attributed to suicide, and "epilepsy" was recorded as the cause of death in 24%. Patients diagnosed with PNES have a SMR 2.5 times above the general population, dying at a rate comparable to those with drug-resistant epilepsy. This emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis, identification of risk factors, and implementation of appropriate strategies to prevent potential avoidable deaths.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009855 PMID: 32690794
pubmed: 32690794
pii: WNL.0000000000009855
doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009855
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e643-e652

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

© 2020 American Academy of Neurology.

Auteurs

Russell Nightscales (R)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9108-207X

Lara McCartney (L)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Clarissa Auvrez (C)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Gerard Tao (G)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Sarah Barnard (S)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Charles B Malpas (CB)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0534-3718

Piero Perucca (P)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7855-7066

Anne McIntosh (A)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-5020-260X

Zhibin Chen (Z)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1888-6917

Shobi Sivathamboo (S)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4638-9579

Sophia Ignatiadis (S)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Simon Jones (S)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Sophia Adams (S)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Mark J Cook (MJ)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8875-4135

Patrick Kwan (P)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7310-276X

Dennis Velakoulis (D)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8842-8479

Wendyl D'Souza (W)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1750-5131

Samuel F Berkovic (SF)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4580-841X

Terence J O'Brien (TJ)

From the Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School (R.N., S.B., C.B.M., P.P., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (Z.C.), Monash University, Melbourne; Departments of Medicine (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., A.M., Z.C., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neurology (R.N., C.A., G.T., C.B.M., P.P., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.) and Neuropsychiatry Unit (L.M., S.J., S.A., D.V.), The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (C.B.M.), The University of Melbourne, Parkville; Department of Medicine (R.N.) and Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (A.M., S.F.B.), Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg; Department of Neurology (C.B.M., P.P., A.M., S.S., P.K., T.J.O.), The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne; and Department of Medicine (S.I., M.J.C., W.D.), St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia. terence.obrien@monash.edu.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7198-8621

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adolescent › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Mesures épidémiologiques › Démographie › Répartition par âge › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles anxieux › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Collecte de données › Registre civil › Mortalité › Cause de décès › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Enfant › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Enfant › Enfant d'âge préscolaire › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Facteurs épidémiologiques › Comorbidité › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles somatoformes › Trouble de conversion › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles de l'humeur › Trouble dépressif › Mortality in patients with psychogenic...
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