Regulation of ribosomal protein genes: An ordered anarchy.
TOR pathway
gene duplication
gene regulation
posttranscriptional regulation
ribosomal proteins
ribosome
Journal
Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA
ISSN: 1757-7012
Titre abrégé: Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101536955
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
revised:
08
09
2020
received:
29
06
2020
accepted:
23
09
2020
pubmed:
11
10
2020
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
10
10
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Ribosomal protein genes are among the most highly expressed genes in most cell types. Their products are generally essential for ribosome synthesis, which is the cornerstone for cell growth and proliferation. Many cellular resources are dedicated to producing ribosomal proteins and thus this process needs to be regulated in ways that carefully balance the supply of nascent ribosomal proteins with the demand for new ribosomes. Ribosomal protein genes have classically been viewed as a uniform interconnected regulon regulated in eukaryotic cells by target of rapamycin and protein kinase A pathway in response to changes in growth conditions and/or cellular status. However, recent literature depicts a more complex picture in which the amount of ribosomal proteins produced varies between genes in response to two overlapping regulatory circuits. The first includes the classical general ribosome-producing program and the second is a gene-specific feature responsible for fine-tuning the amount of ribosomal proteins produced from each individual ribosomal gene. Unlike the general pathway that is mainly controlled at the level of transcription and translation, this specific regulation of ribosomal protein genes is largely achieved through changes in pre-mRNA splicing efficiency and mRNA stability. By combining general and specific regulation, the cell can coordinate ribosome production, while allowing functional specialization and diversity. Here we review the many ways ribosomal protein genes are regulated, with special focus on the emerging role of posttranscriptional regulatory events in fine-tuning the expression of ribosomal protein genes and its role in controlling the potential variation in ribosome functions. This article is categorized under: Translation > Ribosome Biogenesis Translation > Ribosome Structure/Function Translation > Translation Regulation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33038057
doi: 10.1002/wrna.1632
pmc: PMC8047918
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ribosomal Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e1632Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. WIREs RNA published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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