Identification of specificity-defining amino acids of the wheat immune receptor Pm2 and powdery mildew effector AvrPm2.
Aegilops
/ genetics
Alleles
Amino Acids
/ metabolism
Ascomycota
/ genetics
Disease Resistance
Fungal Proteins
/ genetics
Genetic Variation
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Mutation
NLR Proteins
/ genetics
Plant Diseases
/ immunology
Plant Immunity
Plant Proteins
/ genetics
Nicotiana
/ genetics
Triticum
/ genetics
Triticum aestivum
Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici
NLR-effector specificity
leucine-rich repeat immune receptor (NLR)
nucleotide-binding
pathogen effectors
plant immunity
plant-fungi interactions
Journal
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
ISSN: 1365-313X
Titre abrégé: Plant J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9207397
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
revised:
15
02
2021
received:
19
11
2020
accepted:
18
02
2021
pubmed:
26
2
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
25
2
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) act as intracellular sensors for pathogen-derived effector proteins and trigger an immune response, frequently resulting in the hypersensitive cell death response (HR) of the infected host cell. The wheat (Triticum aestivum) NLR Pm2 confers resistance against the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) if the isolate contains the specific RNase-like effector AvrPm2. We identified and isolated seven new Pm2 alleles (Pm2e-i) in the wheat D-genome ancestor Aegilops tauschii and two new natural AvrPm2 haplotypes from Bgt. Upon transient co-expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, we observed a variant-specific HR of the Pm2 variants Pm2a and Pm2i towards AvrPm2 or its homolog from the AvrPm2 effector family, BgtE-5843, respectively. Through the introduction of naturally occurring non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms and structure-guided mutations, we identified single amino acids in both the wheat NLR Pm2 and the fungal effector proteins AvrPm2 and BgtE-5843 responsible for the variant-specific HR of the Pm2 variants. Exchanging these amino acids led to a modified HR of the Pm2-AvrPm2 interaction and allowed the identification of the effector head epitope, a 20-amino-acid long unit of AvrPm2 involved in the HR. Swapping of the AvrPm2 head epitope to the non-HR-triggering AvrPm2 family member BgtE-5846 led to gain of a HR by Pm2a. Our study presents a molecular approach to identify crucial effector surface structures involved in the HR and demonstrates that natural and induced diversity in an immune receptor and its corresponding effectors can provide the basis for understanding and modifying NLR-effector specificity.
Substances chimiques
Amino Acids
0
Fungal Proteins
0
NLR Proteins
0
Plant Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
993-1007Subventions
Organisme : Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
ID : BB/P016855/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2021 Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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