How Changes in the Nutritional Landscape Shape Gut Immunometabolism.
gut immunity
gut microbiota
immunometabolism
nutrition
Journal
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Titre abrégé: Nutrients
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101521595
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 Mar 2021
02 Mar 2021
Historique:
received:
04
02
2021
revised:
25
02
2021
accepted:
26
02
2021
entrez:
3
4
2021
pubmed:
4
4
2021
medline:
2
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cell survival, proliferation and function are energy-demanding processes, fuelled by different metabolic pathways. Immune cells like any other cells will adapt their energy production to their function with specific metabolic pathways characteristic of resting, inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cells. This concept of immunometabolism is revolutionising the field of immunology, opening the gates for novel therapeutic approaches aimed at altering immune responses through immune metabolic manipulations. The first part of this review will give an extensive overview on the metabolic pathways used by immune cells. Diet is a major source of energy, providing substrates to fuel these different metabolic pathways. Protein, lipid and carbohydrate composition as well as food additives can thus shape the immune response particularly in the gut, the first immune point of contact with food antigens and gastrointestinal tract pathogens. How diet composition might affect gut immunometabolism and its impact on diseases will also be discussed. Finally, the food ingested by the host is also a source of energy for the micro-organisms inhabiting the gut lumen particularly in the colon. The by-products released through the processing of specific nutrients by gut bacteria also influence immune cell activity and differentiation. How bacterial metabolites influence gut immunometabolism will be covered in the third part of this review. This notion of immunometabolism and immune function is recent and a deeper understanding of how lifestyle might influence gut immunometabolism is key to prevent or treat diseases.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33801480
pii: nu13030823
doi: 10.3390/nu13030823
pmc: PMC7999246
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Carbohydrates
0
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated
0
Food Additives
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : Australian Research Council
ID : DP210102943
Organisme : Australian Research Council
ID : 160100627
Organisme : National Health and Medical Research Council
ID : 1147980
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