Viral but not bacterial community successional patterns reflect extreme turnover shortly after rewetting dry soils.
Journal
Nature ecology & evolution
ISSN: 2397-334X
Titre abrégé: Nat Ecol Evol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101698577
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2023
Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
18
02
2023
accepted:
25
08
2023
medline:
8
11
2023
pubmed:
29
9
2023
entrez:
28
9
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
As central members of soil trophic networks, viruses have the potential to drive substantial microbial mortality and nutrient turnover. Pinpointing viral contributions to terrestrial ecosystem processes remains a challenge, as temporal dynamics are difficult to unravel in the spatially and physicochemically heterogeneous soil environment. In Mediterranean grasslands, the first rainfall after seasonal drought provides an ecosystem reset, triggering microbial activity during a tractable window for capturing short-term dynamics. Here, we simulated precipitation in microcosms from four distinct dry grassland soils and generated 144 viromes, 84 metagenomes and 84 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon datasets to characterize viral, prokaryotic and relic DNA dynamics over 10 days. Vastly different viral communities in each soil followed remarkably similar successional trajectories. Wet-up triggered a significant increase in viral richness, followed by extensive compositional turnover. Temporal succession in prokaryotic communities was much less pronounced, perhaps suggesting differences in the scales of activity captured by viromes (representing recently produced, ephemeral viral particles) and total DNA. Still, differences in the relative abundances of Actinobacteria (enriched in dry soils) and Proteobacteria (enriched in wetted soils) matched those of their predicted phages, indicating viral predation of dominant bacterial taxa. Rewetting also rapidly depleted relic DNA, which subsequently reaccumulated, indicating substantial new microbial mortality in the days after wet-up, particularly of the taxa putatively under phage predation. Production of abundant, diverse viral particles via microbial host cell lysis appears to be a conserved feature of the early response to soil rewetting, and results suggest the potential for 'Cull-the-Winner' dynamics, whereby viruses infect and cull but do not decimate dominant host populations.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37770548
doi: 10.1038/s41559-023-02207-5
pii: 10.1038/s41559-023-02207-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Soil
0
DNA
9007-49-2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1809-1822Subventions
Organisme : DOE | SC | Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
ID : DE-SC0020163
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
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