Phytochromes transmit photoperiod information via the evening complex in Brachypodium.
Journal
Genome biology
ISSN: 1474-760X
Titre abrégé: Genome Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100960660
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 11 2023
07 11 2023
Historique:
received:
01
03
2023
accepted:
04
10
2023
medline:
9
11
2023
pubmed:
8
11
2023
entrez:
8
11
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Daylength is a key seasonal cue for animals and plants. In cereals, photoperiodic responses are a major adaptive trait, and alleles of clock genes such as PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) and EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) have been selected for in adapting barley and wheat to northern latitudes. How monocot plants sense photoperiod and integrate this information into growth and development is not well understood. We find that phytochrome C (PHYC) is essential for flowering in Brachypodium distachyon. Conversely, ELF3 acts as a floral repressor and elf3 mutants display a constitutive long day phenotype and transcriptome. We find that ELF3 and PHYC occur in a common complex. ELF3 associates with the promoters of a number of conserved regulators of flowering, including PPD1 and VRN1. Consistent with observations in barley, we are able to show that PPD1 overexpression accelerates flowering in short days and is necessary for rapid flowering in response to long days. PHYC is in the active Pfr state at the end of the day, but we observe it undergoes dark reversion over the course of the night. We propose that PHYC acts as a molecular timer and communicates information on night-length to the circadian clock via ELF3.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Daylength is a key seasonal cue for animals and plants. In cereals, photoperiodic responses are a major adaptive trait, and alleles of clock genes such as PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) and EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3) have been selected for in adapting barley and wheat to northern latitudes. How monocot plants sense photoperiod and integrate this information into growth and development is not well understood.
RESULTS
We find that phytochrome C (PHYC) is essential for flowering in Brachypodium distachyon. Conversely, ELF3 acts as a floral repressor and elf3 mutants display a constitutive long day phenotype and transcriptome. We find that ELF3 and PHYC occur in a common complex. ELF3 associates with the promoters of a number of conserved regulators of flowering, including PPD1 and VRN1. Consistent with observations in barley, we are able to show that PPD1 overexpression accelerates flowering in short days and is necessary for rapid flowering in response to long days. PHYC is in the active Pfr state at the end of the day, but we observe it undergoes dark reversion over the course of the night.
CONCLUSIONS
We propose that PHYC acts as a molecular timer and communicates information on night-length to the circadian clock via ELF3.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37936225
doi: 10.1186/s13059-023-03082-w
pii: 10.1186/s13059-023-03082-w
pmc: PMC10631206
doi:
Substances chimiques
Phytochrome
11121-56-5
Plant Proteins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
256Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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