4th Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Life expectancy (LE) has usually been used as a metric to monitor population health. In the last few years, metrics such as Quality-Adjusted-Life-Expectancy (QALE) and Health-Adjusted-Life- Expectancy...
Based on life tables constructed using Chiang II´s method, we estimated the LE of the population in Chile by age strata. Probabilities of dying were estimated from mortality data obtained from nationa...
LE at birth for Chile was estimated in 80.4 years, which is consistent with demographic national data. QALE and HALE at birth were 69.8 and 62.4 respectively. Men are expected to live 6.1% less than w...
The distribution of LE, QALE and HALEs in Chile shows a clear gradient favouring better-off populations that decreases over people´s lives. Differences in LE favouring women contrast with differences ...
Ethnic and racial differences in life expectancy have been well established in different societies. However, even though an important part of the population of Latin America is Indigenous, there is li...
Determine if there are ethnic differences in life expectancy at birth and at 60 years in Chile, and if the Mapuche (largest Indigenous ethnic group) have similar life expectancy to other Indigenous pe...
Life tables for the Mapuche and other Indigenous groups and non-Indigenous people were built using the 2017 census. Specifically, we used the questions of the number of live children born and the numb...
Indigenous Chileans have seven years lower life expectancy at birth than the non-Indigenous population (76.2 vs. 83.2 years). The differential at age 60 is 6 years (20.3 vs. 26.4 years). We also found...
Our results ratify the existence of marked ethnic-racial inequality in the extension of life in Chile and demonstrate a greater disadvantage in terms of survival of the Mapuche compared to other Indig...
To determine whether life expectancy (LE) changes between 2000 and 2019 were associated with race, rural status, local economic prosperity, and changes in local economic prosperity, at the county leve...
Between 12/1/22 and 2/28/23, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 2000 and 2019 data from 3,123 United States counties. For Total, White, and Black populations, we compared LE changes for counties...
In both years, overall, across the rural-urban continuum, and for all studied populations, LE decreased with each progression from the most to least prosperous quintile (all...
At the county level, race, rurality, and local economic distress were all associated with LE; improvements in local economic conditions were associated with accelerated LE. Policymakers should appreci...
Exploring global differences in life expectancy can facilitate the development of strategies to narrow regional disparities. However, few researchers have systematically examined patterns in the evolu...
Life expectancy is a key measure of overall population health. Life expectancy estimates for youth with HIV in the US are needed in the current HIV care and treatment context to guide health policies ...
To compare life expectancy between 18-year-old youth with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV), youth with nonperinatally acquired HIV (NPHIV), and youth without HIV....
Using a US-focused adolescent-specific Monte Carlo state-transition HIV model, we simulated individuals from age 18 years until death. We estimated probabilities of HIV treatment and care engagement, ...
HIV status by timing of acquisition....
Life expectancy loss for youth with PHIV and youth with NPHIV: difference between mean projected life expectancy under current and ideal HIV care scenarios compared with youth without HIV. Uncertainty...
Compared with youth without HIV (life expectancy: male, 76.3 years; female, 81.7 years), male youth with PHIV and youth with NPHIV had projected life expectancy losses of 10.4 years (95% CI, 5.5-18.1)...
This adolescent-focused microsimulation modeling analysis projected that youth with HIV would have shorter life expectancy than youth without HIV. Projected differences were larger for youth with NPHI...
Life expectancy (LE) and Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) are summary indicators that reflect a population's general life conditions and measure inequities in health outcomes. The objective of t...
A secondary analysis was performed based on the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Data were obtained for LE (by sex and state) and HALE (by sex, age group, and state) f...
LE and HALE had an absolute increase of 6.7% and 6.4% from 1990 to 2019, mainly among women, although they spent more years in poor health (11.8 years) than men. The patterns of LE and HALE were heter...
Progress in LE and HALE has slowed in recent years; HALE has even had setbacks in some states. Gaps between men and women, as well as between states, are persistent. Public and population policymaking...
Middle-aged and older adults smoking for years are afflicted by smoking-related diseases and functional limitations; however, little is known about the effect of smoking on nonfatal conditions in midd...
Data were drawn from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), 2011-2018, with a total sample of 16,859 individuals aged 45 years or older involved in the final analysis. The Activi...
At baseline, 28.9% of participants were current smokers, 8.5% were former smokers, and 62.6% never smoked. Approximately 5.6% were identified with ADL disability. Both current smokers and former smoke...
Never smokers live longer and healthier than current smokers and persons who quit smoking. Smoking was associated with greater reductions in TLE and DFLE among men. However, educational attainment mig...
Conducting a distinct comparison between the life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HALE) of people with disabilities (PWDs) and the general population is necessary due to the various envir...
We used aggregated data of registered PWDs from the Korea National Rehabilitation Center database between 2014 and 2018. Overall, 345,595 deaths were included among 12,627,428 registered PWDs. First, ...
The calculated LE/HALE-NHIS (years) at registration in males and females were 81.32/73.32 and 87.38/75.58, 68.54/58.98 and 71.43/59.24, 73.87/65.43 and 78.25/67.51, and 61.53/50.48 and 62.41/49.72 yea...
Males with disabilities had shorter LE and HALE at registration than females, except for those with severe disabilities, and there were variabilities in the LE based on the disability types....
Against the backdrop of population ageing, governments are facing the need to raise the statutory retirement age. In this context, the question arises whether these extra years added to working life w...
The analyses are based on the data of a large German health insurer covering annually about 2 million individuals. Cancer-free WLE is calculated based on multistate life tables and reported for three ...
While labour force participation increased, cancer incidence rates decreased over time. Cancer-free WLE at age 18 increased by 2.5 years in men and 6.3 years in women (age 50: 1.3 years in men, 2.4 ye...
The increase in WLE is accompanied by an increase in cancer-free WLE. However, the subgroups considered have not benefitted equally from this positive development. Among men at higher working age, WLE...
In the complex context of French Guiana, different vulnerabilities and different risk factors between genders may lead to complex differences in health outcomes, mortality, and life expectancy. Our ai...
