Sanguina nivaloides and Sanguina aurantia gen. et spp. nov. (Chlorophyta): the taxonomy, phylogeny, biogeography and ecology of two newly recognised algae causing red and orange snow.


Journal

FEMS microbiology ecology
ISSN: 1574-6941
Titre abrégé: FEMS Microbiol Ecol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8901229

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 06 2019
Historique:
received: 20 12 2018
accepted: 09 05 2019
pubmed: 11 5 2019
medline: 27 5 2020
entrez: 11 5 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Melting snowfields in polar and alpine regions often exhibit a red and orange colouration caused by microalgae. The diversity of these organisms is still poorly understood. We applied a polyphasic approach using three molecular markers and light and electron microscopy to investigate spherical cysts sampled from alpine mountains in Europe, North America and South America as well as from both polar regions. Molecular analyses revealed the presence of a single independent lineage within the Chlamydomonadales. The genus Sanguina is described, with Sanguina nivaloides as its type. It is distinguishable from other red cysts forming alga by the number of cell wall layers, cell size, cell surface morphology and habitat preference. Sanguina nivaloides is a diverse species containing a total of 18 haplotypes according to nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2, with low nucleotide divergence (≤3.5%). Based on molecular data we demonstrate that it has a cosmopolitan distribution with an absence of geographical structuring, indicating an effective dispersal strategy with the cysts being transported all around the globe, including trans-equatorially. Additionally, Sanguina aurantia is described, with small spherical orange cysts often clustered by means of mucilaginous sheaths, and causing orange blooms in snow in subarctic and Arctic regions.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31074825
pii: 5487888
doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiz064
pmc: PMC6545352
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

DNA, Ribosomal Spacer 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© FEMS 2019.

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Auteurs

Lenka Procházková (L)

Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.

Thomas Leya (T)

Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses IZI-BB, Extremophile Research & Biobank CCCryo, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.

Heda Křížková (H)

Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.

Linda Nedbalová (L)

Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Dukelská 135, Třeboň, 379 82, Czech Republic.

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Classifications MeSH