XPG in the Nucleotide Excision Repair and Beyond: a study on the different functional aspects of XPG and its associated diseases.
Base excision repair
Homologous recombination repair, R-loops
Nucleotide excision repair
Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group G
Journal
Molecular biology reports
ISSN: 1573-4978
Titre abrégé: Mol Biol Rep
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0403234
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Aug 2022
Aug 2022
Historique:
received:
06
09
2021
accepted:
02
03
2022
revised:
17
12
2021
pubmed:
21
5
2022
medline:
26
7
2022
entrez:
20
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Several proteins are involved in DNA repair mechanisms attempting to repair damages to the DNA continuously. One such protein is Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group G (XPG), a significant component in the Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) pathway. XPG is accountable for making the 3' incision in the NER, while XPF-ERCC4 joins ERCC1 to form the XPF-ERCC1 complex. This complex makes a 5' incision to eliminate bulky DNA lesions. XPG is also known to function as a cofactor in the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway by increasing hNth1 activity, apart from its crucial involvement in the NER. Reports suggest that XPG also plays a non-catalytic role in the Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) pathway by forming higher-order complexes with BRCA1, BRCA2, Rad51, and PALB2, further influencing the activity of these molecules. Studies show that, apart from its vital role in repairing DNA damages, XPG is also responsible for R-loop formation, which facilitates exhibiting phenotypes of Werner Syndrome. Though XPG has a role in several DNA repair pathways and molecular mechanisms, it is primarily a NER protein. Unrepaired and prolonged DNA damage leads to genomic instability and facilitates neurological disorders, aging, pigmentation, and cancer susceptibility. This review explores the vital role of XPG in different DNA repair mechanisms which are continuously involved in repairing these damaged sites and its failure leading to XP-G, XP-G/CS complex phenotypes, and cancer progression.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35596054
doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07324-1
pii: 10.1007/s11033-022-07324-1
doi:
Substances chimiques
Nuclear Proteins
0
Transcription Factors
0
DNA
9007-49-2
Endonucleases
EC 3.1.-
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
7995-8006Subventions
Organisme : Science and Engineering Research Board
ID : ECR/2016/000965
Commentaires et corrections
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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