The Adaptive Mechanisms and Checkpoint Responses to a Stressed DNA Replication Fork.
ATR-CHK1
DNA damage tolerance
DNA replication
fork protection complex
genome stability
replication stress response
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Jun 2023
22 Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
26
05
2023
revised:
13
06
2023
accepted:
20
06
2023
medline:
17
7
2023
pubmed:
14
7
2023
entrez:
14
7
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
DNA replication is a tightly controlled process that ensures the faithful duplication of the genome. However, DNA damage arising from both endogenous and exogenous assaults gives rise to DNA replication stress associated with replication fork slowing or stalling. Therefore, protecting the stressed fork while prompting its recovery to complete DNA replication is critical for safeguarding genomic integrity and cell survival. Specifically, the plasticity of the replication fork in engaging distinct DNA damage tolerance mechanisms, including fork reversal, repriming, and translesion DNA synthesis, enables cells to overcome a variety of replication obstacles. Furthermore, stretches of single-stranded DNA generated upon fork stalling trigger the activation of the ATR kinase, which coordinates the cellular responses to replication stress by stabilizing the replication fork, promoting DNA repair, and controlling cell cycle and replication origin firing. Deregulation of the ATR checkpoint and aberrant levels of chronic replication stress is a common characteristic of cancer and a point of vulnerability being exploited in cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the various adaptive responses of a replication fork to replication stress and the roles of ATR signaling that bring fork stabilization mechanisms together. We also review how this knowledge is being harnessed for the development of checkpoint inhibitors to trigger the replication catastrophe of cancer cells.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37445667
pii: ijms241310488
doi: 10.3390/ijms241310488
pmc: PMC10341514
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins
EC 2.7.11.1
DNA
9007-49-2
Checkpoint Kinase 1
EC 2.7.11.1
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM144399
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM144399
Pays : United States
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