Laboratory of Pleural and Lung Cancer Translational Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom.
Institute for Respiratory Health and Centre for Respiratory Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1800 Orleans Street, Suite 7-125, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Electronic address: dfk@jhmi.edu.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Achaia 26504, Greece; Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Pleural and Lung Cancer Translational Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom; Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom.
Understanding diagnostic capacities is essential to addressing healthcare provision and inequity, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. This study used routine data to assess trends ...
We extracted facility-level RDT data for 19 tests (2018-2020) from the Kenya District Health Information System, linked to 13 373 geocoded facilities. Data quality was assessed for reporting completen...
Reporting completeness was under 40% across all counties, with RDT-specific reporting ranging from 9.6% to 89.6%. Malaria RDTs showed the highest annual test volumes (6.3-8.0 million) while rheumatoid...
RDTs are crucial in enhancing diagnostic accessibility, yet their utilisation varies significantly by region. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to close testing gaps and im...
HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) impedes treatment and control of HIV-1, especially in high-prevalence settings such as KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa. This study merged routine HIV-1 genotyp...
Prenatal genetic testing can be divided into two categories: screening and diagnosis. Prenatal genetic screening tests are used to assess carrier status or as a fetal risk assessment for a particular ...
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized prenatal genetic diagnostic testing. NGS methods are becoming more advanced and accurate as more genetic information is being linked to genetic cond...
Prenatal genetic diagnostic testing involves clinicians invasively obtaining tissue via amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling to identify if a fetus has a genetic condition. This testing has trad...
Diagnostic tests are used to determine whether a disease or condition is present or absent in a patient, who will typically be suspected of having the disease or condition due to symptoms or clinical ...
Understanding the availability of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) is essential for attaining universal health care and reducing health inequalities. Although routine data helps measure RDT coverage and ...
Routine facility-level data on RDT administration were sourced from the Kenya health information system for the years 2018-2020. Data on diagnostic capacity (RDT availability) and service provision (s...
Twenty-one per cent (2821) of all facilities expected to report routine diagnostic data in Kenya were included in the triangulation. Most (86%) were primary-level facilities under public ownership (70...
Non-reporting in routine health systems is not always due to a lack of capacity. Further analyses are required to inform other drivers of non-reporting to ensure reliable routine health data....
Reducing unnecessary routine laboratory testing is a Choosing Wisely® recommendation, and new areas of overuse were noted during the COVID-19 pandemic....
To reduce unnecessary repetitive routine laboratory testing for patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic across a large safety net health system....
This quality improvement initiative was initiated by the System High-Value Care Council at New York City Health + Hospitals (H + H), the largest public healthcare system in the United States consistin...
four overused laboratory tests in noncritically ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were identified: C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and procalcitonin. A two-prong...
The average of excess tests per encounter days (ETPED) for each of four target laboratory testing only in patients with COVID-19....
Interdisciplinary System High-Value Care Council identified four overused laboratory tests (inflammatory markers) in noncritically ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19: C-reactive protein (CRP), fe...
Time series linear regression showed decreases in CRP (-17.9%, p < .05), ferritin (-37.6%, p < .001), and LDH (-30.1%, p < .001). Slope differences were significant (CRP, ferritin, and LDH p < 0.001; ...
This intervention was associated with reduced routine inflammatory marker testing in non-intensive care unit COVID-19 hospitalized patients across 11 hospitals. Variation was high among individual hos...
There are limited data from randomized trials to guide a specific follow-up surveillance approach after myocardial revascularization. Whether a follow-up strategy that includes routine functional test...
We randomly assigned 1706 patients with high-risk anatomical or clinical characteristics who had undergone PCI to a follow-up strategy of routine functional testing (nuclear stress testing, exercise e...
The mean age of the patients was 64.7 years, 21.0% had left main disease, 43.5% had bifurcation disease, 69.8% had multivessel disease, 70.1% had diffuse long lesions, 38.7% had diabetes, and 96.4% ha...
Among high-risk patients who had undergone PCI, a follow-up strategy of routine functional testing, as compared with standard care alone, did not improve clinical outcomes at 2 years. (Funded by the C...
Diagnostic tests are important in clinical medicine. To determine the test performance indices - test sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, predictive values, etc. - the test results should be c...
We present the application of the technique to the probability distribution of hepatitis B surface antigen measured in a group of people in Shiraz, southern Iran. We assumed that the distribution had ...
The model could explain > 99% of the variance observed. The results were in good agreement with those obtained from other studies....
We concluded that if we have an appropriate educated guess about the distributions of test results in the population with and without the disease, we may harvest the test performance indices merely ba...
To summarize the more robust evidence about the performance of tools useful for diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) such as calcitonin (Ctn) and other circulating markers, ultrasound (US), ...
This systematic review of systematic reviews was carried out according to a predefined protocol. A search string was created. An electronical comprehensive search of literature was performed on Decemb...
Twenty-three systematic reviews were included and several findings were achieved. Ctn is the most reliable diagnostic marker of MTC with no evidence of improvement with stimulation test. CEA doubling ...
Future guidelines of both thyroid nodule management and MTC diagnosis should consider these evidence-based data....
Test decisions depend on the context in which health care is delivered. We interviewed paediatricians about perceived societal developments and their influence on diagnostic testing....
Qualitative interview study....
Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 20 practicing Dutch paediatricians....
Paediatricians associated societal developments, such as decreased risk acceptance, with perceived pressure from parents to perform tests. They were motivated to restrict unnecessary tests to avoid ha...
Besides motivation and effort of health care providers, appropriate testing requires system-level actions, such as counteracting a culture of blame and considering societal interests in guideline reco...
