DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19.


Journal

Nature
ISSN: 1476-4687
Titre abrégé: Nature
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0410462

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2022
Historique:
received: 26 10 2021
accepted: 28 07 2022
pubmed: 9 8 2022
medline: 24 9 2022
entrez: 8 8 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge

Identifiants

pubmed: 35940203
doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05163-5
pii: 10.1038/s41586-022-05163-5
pmc: PMC9492544
doi:

Substances chimiques

4-(3'-(2'-chlorophenyl)-2'-propen-1'-ylidene)-1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione 0
DOCK2 protein, human 0
GTPase-Activating Proteins 0
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors 0
Interferon Type I 0
Pyrazoles 0

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

754-760

Investigateurs

Koichi Matsuda (K)
Yuji Yamanashi (Y)
Yoichi Furukawa (Y)
Takayuki Morisaki (T)
Yoshinori Murakami (Y)
Yoichiro Kamatani (Y)
Kaori Muto (K)
Akiko Nagai (A)
Wataru Obara (W)
Ken Yamaji (K)
Kazuhisa Takahashi (K)
Satoshi Asai (S)
Yasuo Takahashi (Y)
Takao Suzuki (T)
Nobuaki Sinozaki (N)
Hiroki Yamaguchi (H)
Shiro Minami (S)
Shigeo Murayama (S)
Kozo Yoshimori (K)
Satoshi Nagayama (S)
Daisuke Obata (D)
Masahiko Higashiyama (M)
Akihide Masumoto (A)
Yukihiro Koretsune (Y)

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

Références

The Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group. Genomewide association study of severe Covid-19 with respiratory failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 383, 1522–1534 (2020).
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2020283
Zeberg, H. & Pääbo, S. The major genetic risk factor for severe COVID-19 is inherited from Neanderthals. Nature 587, 610–612 (2020).
pubmed: 32998156 doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2818-3
Niemi, M. E. K. et al. Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19. Nature 600, 472–477 (2021).
doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03767-x
Kosmicki, J. A. et al. Pan-ancestry exome-wide association analyses of COVID-19 outcomes in 586,157 individuals. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 108, 1350–1355 (2021).
pubmed: 34115965 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.05.017
Pairo-Castineira, E. et al. Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19. Nature 591, 92–98 (2021).
pubmed: 33307546 doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-03065-y
Zhu, N. et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N. Engl. J. Med. 382, 727–733 (2020).
pubmed: 31978945 pmcid: 7092803 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
Walensky, R. P., Walke, H. T. & Fauci, A. S. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the United States—challenges and opportunities. JAMA 325, 1037–1038 (2021).
pubmed: 33595644 pmcid: 9009864 doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.2294
Williamson, E. J. et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY. Nature 584, 430–436 (2020).
pubmed: 32640463 pmcid: 7611074 doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4
Clinical Management of Patients with COVID-19: A Guide for Front-Line (Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, 2020).
Ishii, M. et al. Clinical characteristics of 345 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Japan: a multicenter retrospective study. J. Infect. 81, e3–e5 (2020).
pubmed: 32920063 pmcid: 7482596 doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.052
Nguyen, A. et al. Human leukocyte antigen susceptibility map for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. J. Virol. 94, e00510-20 (2020).
pubmed: 32303592 pmcid: 7307149 doi: 10.1128/JVI.00510-20
Ben Shachar, S. et al. MHC haplotyping of SARS-CoV-2 patients: HLA subtypes are not associated with the presence and severity of COVID-19 in the Israeli population. J. Clin. Immunol. 41, 1154–1161 (2021).
pubmed: 34050837 pmcid: 8164405 doi: 10.1007/s10875-021-01071-x
Hirata, J. et al. Genetic and phenotypic landscape of the major histocompatibilty complex region in the Japanese population. Nat. Genet. 51, 470–480 (2019).
pubmed: 30692682 doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0336-0
Naito, T. et al. A deep learning method for HLA imputation and trans-ethnic MHC fine-mapping of type 1 diabetes. Nat. Commun. 12, 1639 (2021).
pubmed: 33712626 pmcid: 7955122 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21975-x
Lane, W. J. et al. Automated typing of red blood cell and platelet antigens: a whole-genome sequencing study. Lancet Haematol. 5, e241–e251 (2018).
pubmed: 29780001 pmcid: 6438177 doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30053-X
Liu, Y., Häussinger, L., Steinacker, J. M. & Dinse-Lambracht, A. Association between the dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic and ABO blood type distribution. Epidemiol. Infect. 149, e19 (2021).
pubmed: 33407977 doi: 10.1017/S0950268821000030
Holmes, M. V., Ala-Korpela, M. & Smith, G. D. Mendelian randomization in cardiometabolic disease: challenges in evaluating causality. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 14, 577–599 (2017).
pubmed: 28569269 pmcid: 5600813 doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2017.78
Freuer, D., Linseisen, J. & Meisinger, C. Impact of body composition on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Metabolism. 118, 154732 (2021).
pubmed: 33631142 pmcid: 7900753 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154732
Nakanishi, T. et al. Age-dependent impact of the major common genetic risk factor for COVID-19 on severity and mortality. J. Clin. Invest. 131, e152386 (2021).
pubmed: 34597274 pmcid: 8631592 doi: 10.1172/JCI152386
Roberts, G. H. L. et al. AncestryDNA COVID-19 host genetic study identifies three novel loci. Preprint at medRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.06.20205864 (2020).
Roberts, G. H. et al. Novel COVID-19 phenotype definitions reveal phenotypically distinct patterns of genetic association and protective effects. Nat. Genet. 54, 374–381 (2022).
pubmed: 35410379 doi: 10.1038/s41588-022-01042-x
Okada, Y. et al. Deep whole-genome sequencing reveals recent selection signatures linked to evolution and disease risk of Japanese. Nat. Commun. 9, 1631 (2018).
pubmed: 29691385 pmcid: 5915442 doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03274-0
Hormozdiari, F. et al. Colocalization of GWAS and eQTL signals detects target genes. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 99, 1245–1260 (2016).
pubmed: 27866706 pmcid: 5142122 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.10.003
Fukui, Y. et al. Haematopoietic cell-specific CDM family protein DOCK2 is essential for lymphocyte migration. Nature 412, 826–831 (2001).
pubmed: 11518968 doi: 10.1038/35090591
Nishikimi, A. et al. Sequential regulation of DOCK2 dynamics by two phospholipids during neutrophil chemotaxis. Science 324, 384–387 (2009).
pubmed: 19325080 pmcid: 3761877 doi: 10.1126/science.1170179
Stephenson, E. et al. Single-cell multi-omics analysis of the immune response in COVID-19. Nat. Med. 27, 904–916 (2021).
pubmed: 33879890 pmcid: 8121667 doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01329-2
Ahern, D. J. et al. A blood atlas of COVID-19 defines hallmarks of disease severity and specificity. Cell 185, 916–938 (2022).
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.012
Langfelder, P. & Horvath, S. WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis. BMC Bioinf. 9, 559 (2008).
doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-9-559
Nishikimi, A. et al. Blockade of inflammatory responses by a small-molecule inhibitor of the Rac activator DOCK2. Chem. Biol. 19, 488–497 (2012).
pubmed: 22520755 doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.03.008
Saichi, M. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing of blood antigen-presenting cells in severe COVID-19 reveals multi-process defects in antiviral immunity. Nat. Cell Biol. 23, 538–551 (2021).
pubmed: 33972731 doi: 10.1038/s41556-021-00681-2
Zhang, Q. et al. Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19. Science 370, eabd4570 (2020).
pubmed: 32972995 pmcid: 7857407 doi: 10.1126/science.abd4570
Zhou, Z. et al. Heightened innate immune responses in the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients. Cell Host Microbe 27, 883–890.e2 (2020).
pubmed: 32407669 pmcid: 7196896 doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.017
Ebisudani, T. et al. Direct derivation of human alveolospheres for SARS-CoV-2 infection modeling and drug screening. Cell Rep. 35, 109218 (2021).
pubmed: 34038715 pmcid: 8133488 doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109218
Imai, M. et al. Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117, 16587–16595 (2020).
pubmed: 32571934 pmcid: 7368255 doi: 10.1073/pnas.2009799117
Yoshida, M. et al. Local and systemic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adults. Nature 602, 321–327 (2021).
pubmed: 34937051 pmcid: 8828466 doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04345-x
Loske, J. et al. Pre-activated antiviral innate immunity in the upper airways controls early SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Nat. Biotechnol. 40, 319–324 (2021).
pubmed: 34408314 doi: 10.1038/s41587-021-01037-9
Dobbs, K. et al. Inherited DOCK2 deficiency in patients with early-onset invasive infections. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 2409–2422 (2015).
pubmed: 26083206 pmcid: 4480434 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1413462
Hirata, M. et al. Overview of BioBank Japan follow-up data in 32 diseases. J. Epidemiol. 27, S22–S28 (2017).
pubmed: 28190660 pmcid: 5363789 doi: 10.1016/j.je.2016.12.006
Sakaue, S. et al. Dimensionality reduction reveals fine-scale structure in the Japanese population with consequences for polygenic risk prediction. Nat. Commun. 11, 1569 (2020).
pubmed: 32218440 pmcid: 7099015 doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15194-z
Yamamoto, K. et al. Genetic and phenotypic landscape of the mitochondrial genome in the Japanese population. Commun. Biol. 3, 104 (2020).
pubmed: 32139841 pmcid: 7058612 doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-0812-9
Yip, S. P. Sequence variation at the human ABO locus. Ann. Hum. Genet. 66, 1–27 (2002).
pubmed: 12014997 doi: 10.1017/S0003480001008995
Ogawa, K. et al. A transethnic Mendelian randomization study identifies causality of obesity on risk of psoriasis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 139, 1397–1400 (2019).
pubmed: 30528826 doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.11.023
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M. & Usadel, B. Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics 30, 2114–2120 (2014).
pubmed: 24695404 pmcid: 4103590 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170
Dobin, A. et al. STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics 29, 15–21 (2013).
pubmed: 23104886 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635
Li, B. & Dewey, C. N. RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-seq data with or without a reference genome. BMC Bioinf. 12, 323 (2011).
doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-323
Petukhov, V. et al. dropEst: pipeline for accurate estimation of molecular counts in droplet-based single-cell RNA-seq experiments. Genome Biol. 19, 78 (2018).
pubmed: 29921301 pmcid: 6010209 doi: 10.1186/s13059-018-1449-6
Wolock, S. L., Lopez, R. & Klein, A. M. Scrublet: computational identification of cell doublets in single-cell transcriptomic data. Cell Syst. 8, 281–291.e9 (2019).
pubmed: 30954476 pmcid: 6625319 doi: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.11.005
Stuart, T. et al. Comprehensive integration of single-cell data. Cell 177, 1888–1902.e21 (2019).
pubmed: 31178118 pmcid: 6687398 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.031
McInnes, L., Healy, J. & Melville, J. UMAP: uniform manifold approximation and projection for dimension reduction. Preprint at arXiv https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.03426 (2018).
Hao, Y. et al. Integrated analysis of multimodal single-cell data. Cell 184, 3573–3587.e29 (2021).
pubmed: 34062119 pmcid: 8238499 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.048
Alquicira-Hernandez, J. & Powell, J. E. Nebulosa recovers single-cell gene expression signals by kernel density estimation. Bioinformatics 37, 2485–2487 (2021).
doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab003
Robinson, M. D., McCarthy, D. J. & Smyth, G. K. edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data. Bioinformatics 26, 139–140 (2009).
pubmed: 19910308 pmcid: 2796818 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp616
Lun, A. T. L., Bach, K. & Marioni, J. C. Pooling across cells to normalize single-cell RNA sequencing data with many zero counts. Genome Biol. 17, 75 (2016).
pubmed: 27122128 doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-0947-7
Yu, G., Wang, L. G., Han, Y. & He, Q. Y. ClusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. Omics 16, 284–287 (2012).
pubmed: 22455463 pmcid: 3339379 doi: 10.1089/omi.2011.0118
Sanjana, N. E., Shalem, O. & Zhang, F. Improved vectors and genome-wide libraries for CRISPR screening. Nat. Methods 11, 783–784 (2014).
pubmed: 25075903 pmcid: 4486245 doi: 10.1038/nmeth.3047
Doench, J. G. et al. Optimized sgRNA design to maximize activity and minimize off-target effects of CRISPR–Cas9. Nat. Biotechnol. 34, 184–191 (2016).
pubmed: 26780180 pmcid: 4744125 doi: 10.1038/nbt.3437
Concordet, J. P. & Haeussler, M. CRISPOR: intuitive guide selection for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing experiments and screens. Nucleic Acids Res. 46, W242–W245 (2018).
pubmed: 29762716 pmcid: 6030908 doi: 10.1093/nar/gky354
Nishihara, H. et al. Non-adherent cell-specific expression of DOCK2, a member of the human CDM-family proteins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1452, 179–187 (1999).
pubmed: 10559471 doi: 10.1016/S0167-4889(99)00133-0
Ferren, M. et al. Hamster organotypic modeling of SARS-CoV-2 lung and brainstem infection. Nat. Commun. 12, 5809 (2021).
pubmed: 34608167 pmcid: 8490365 doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26096-z

Auteurs

Ho Namkoong (H)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Ryuya Edahiro (R)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Tomomi Takano (T)

Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.

Hiroshi Nishihara (H)

Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuya Shirai (Y)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Kyuto Sonehara (K)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Hiromu Tanaka (H)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Shuhei Azekawa (S)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yohei Mikami (Y)

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Ho Lee (H)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Takanori Hasegawa (T)

M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Koji Okudela (K)

Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.

Daisuke Okuzaki (D)

Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Daisuke Motooka (D)

Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Masahiro Kanai (M)

Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Tatsuhiko Naito (T)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Kenichi Yamamoto (K)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Qingbo S Wang (QS)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Ryunosuke Saiki (R)

Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Rino Ishihara (R)

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuta Matsubara (Y)

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Junko Hamamoto (J)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hiroyuki Hayashi (H)

Division of Pathology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Yukihiro Yoshimura (Y)

Division of Infectious Disease, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Natsuo Tachikawa (N)

Division of Infectious Disease, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Emmy Yanagita (E)

Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Takayoshi Hyugaji (T)

Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Eigo Shimizu (E)

Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Kotoe Katayama (K)

Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasuhiro Kato (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Takayoshi Morita (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Kazuhisa Takahashi (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Norihiro Harada (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Toshio Naito (T)

Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Makoto Hiki (M)

Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasushi Matsushita (Y)

Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Haruhi Takagi (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Ryousuke Aoki (R)

Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Ai Nakamura (A)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Sonoko Harada (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hitoshi Sasano (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hiroki Kabata (H)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Katsunori Masaki (K)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hirofumi Kamata (H)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Shinnosuke Ikemura (S)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Shotaro Chubachi (S)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Satoshi Okamori (S)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hideki Terai (H)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Atsuho Morita (A)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Takanori Asakura (T)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Junichi Sasaki (J)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hiroshi Morisaki (H)

Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshifumi Uwamino (Y)

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Kosaku Nanki (K)

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Sho Uchida (S)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Shunsuke Uno (S)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomoyasu Nishimura (T)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Keio University Health Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Takashi Ishiguro (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Taisuke Isono (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Shun Shibata (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Yuma Matsui (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Chiaki Hosoda (C)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Kenji Takano (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Takashi Nishida (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Yoichi Kobayashi (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Yotaro Takaku (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Noboru Takayanagi (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan.

Soichiro Ueda (S)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Ai Tada (A)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Masayoshi Miyawaki (M)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Masaomi Yamamoto (M)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Eriko Yoshida (E)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Reina Hayashi (R)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Tomoki Nagasaka (T)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Sawako Arai (S)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Yutaro Kaneko (Y)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Kana Sasaki (K)

JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan.

Etsuko Tagaya (E)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Masatoshi Kawana (M)

Department of General Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Ken Arimura (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Kunihiko Takahashi (K)

M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Tatsuhiko Anzai (T)

M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Satoshi Ito (S)

M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Akifumi Endo (A)

Clinical Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuji Uchimura (Y)

Department of Medical Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasunari Miyazaki (Y)

Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Takayuki Honda (T)

Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomoya Tateishi (T)

Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Shuji Tohda (S)

Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Naoya Ichimura (N)

Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Kazunari Sonobe (K)

Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Chihiro Tani Sassa (CT)

Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Jun Nakajima (J)

Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasushi Nakano (Y)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Yukiko Nakajima (Y)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Ryusuke Anan (R)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Ryosuke Arai (R)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Yuko Kurihara (Y)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Yuko Harada (Y)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Kazumi Nishio (K)

Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Tetsuya Ueda (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Masanori Azuma (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Ryuichi Saito (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Toshikatsu Sado (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yoshimune Miyazaki (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Ryuichi Sato (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yuki Haruta (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Tadao Nagasaki (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yoshinori Yasui (Y)

Department of Infection Control, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yoshinori Hasegawa (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yoshikazu Mutoh (Y)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Tomoki Kimura (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Tomonori Sato (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Reoto Takei (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Satoshi Hagimoto (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Yoichiro Noguchi (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Yasuhiko Yamano (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Hajime Sasano (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Sho Ota (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan.

Yasushi Nakamori (Y)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Kazuhisa Yoshiya (K)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Fukuki Saito (F)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Tomoyuki Yoshihara (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Daiki Wada (D)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Hiromu Iwamura (H)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Syuji Kanayama (S)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Shuhei Maruyama (S)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan.

Takashi Yoshiyama (T)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Ken Ohta (K)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Hiroyuki Kokuto (H)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Hideo Ogata (H)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Yoshiaki Tanaka (Y)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Kenichi Arakawa (K)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Masafumi Shimoda (M)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Takeshi Osawa (T)

Fukujuji hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Hiroki Tateno (H)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Isano Hase (I)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Shuichi Yoshida (S)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Shoji Suzuki (S)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Miki Kawada (M)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Hirohisa Horinouchi (H)

Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Fumitake Saito (F)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Keiko Mitamura (K)

Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Masao Hagihara (M)

Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Junichi Ochi (J)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomoyuki Uchida (T)

Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Rie Baba (R)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Daisuke Arai (D)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Takayuki Ogura (T)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Hidenori Takahashi (H)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Shigehiro Hagiwara (S)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Genta Nagao (G)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Shunichiro Konishi (S)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Ichiro Nakachi (I)

Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan.

Koji Murakami (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Mitsuhiro Yamada (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Hisatoshi Sugiura (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Hirohito Sano (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Shuichiro Matsumoto (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Nozomu Kimura (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Yoshinao Ono (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Hiroaki Baba (H)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Yusuke Suzuki (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Sohei Nakayama (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Keita Masuzawa (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Shinichi Namba (S)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Ken Suzuki (K)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yoko Naito (Y)

Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Yu-Chen Liu (YC)

Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Ayako Takuwa (A)

Single Cell Genomics, Human Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Fuminori Sugihara (F)

Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center and Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

James B Wing (JB)

Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Immunology), Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Shuhei Sakakibara (S)

Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Nobuyuki Hizawa (N)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Takayuki Shiroyama (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Satoru Miyawaki (S)

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Yusuke Kawamura (Y)

Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Akiyoshi Nakayama (A)

Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Hirotaka Matsuo (H)

Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Yuichi Maeda (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Takuro Nii (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yoshimi Noda (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Takayuki Niitsu (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yuichi Adachi (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Takatoshi Enomoto (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Saori Amiya (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Reina Hara (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yuta Yamaguchi (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Teruaki Murakami (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Tomoki Kuge (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Kinnosuke Matsumoto (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yuji Yamamoto (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Makoto Yamamoto (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Midori Yoneda (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Toshihiro Kishikawa (T)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.

Shuhei Yamada (S)

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Shuhei Kawabata (S)

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Noriyuki Kijima (N)

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Masatoshi Takagaki (M)

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Noah Sasa (N)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yuya Ueno (Y)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Motoyuki Suzuki (M)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Norihiko Takemoto (N)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Hirotaka Eguchi (H)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Takahito Fukusumi (T)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Takao Imai (T)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Munehisa Fukushima (M)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.

Haruhiko Kishima (H)

Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Hidenori Inohara (H)

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Kazunori Tomono (K)

Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan.

Kazuto Kato (K)

Department of Biomedical Ethics and Public Policy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Meiko Takahashi (M)

Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Fumihiko Matsuda (F)

Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Haruhiko Hirata (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Yoshito Takeda (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.

Hidefumi Koh (H)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Tadashi Manabe (T)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Yohei Funatsu (Y)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Fumimaro Ito (F)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Takahiro Fukui (T)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Keisuke Shinozuka (K)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Sumiko Kohashi (S)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Masatoshi Miyazaki (M)

Tachikawa Hospital, Tachikawa, Japan.

Tomohisa Shoko (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

Mitsuaki Kojima (M)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomohiro Adachi (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

Motonao Ishikawa (M)

Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

Kenichiro Takahashi (K)

Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

Takashi Inoue (T)

Internal Medicine, Sano Kosei General Hospital, Sano, Japan.

Toshiyuki Hirano (T)

Internal Medicine, Sano Kosei General Hospital, Sano, Japan.

Keigo Kobayashi (K)

Internal Medicine, Sano Kosei General Hospital, Sano, Japan.

Hatsuyo Takaoka (H)

Internal Medicine, Sano Kosei General Hospital, Sano, Japan.

Kazuyoshi Watanabe (K)

Japan Community Health Care Organization, Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Naoki Miyazawa (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Yasuhiro Kimura (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Reiko Sado (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Hideyasu Sugimoto (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Akane Kamiya (A)

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Naota Kuwahara (N)

Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Akiko Fujiwara (A)

Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomohiro Matsunaga (T)

Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoko Sato (Y)

Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Takenori Okada (T)

Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshihiro Hirai (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.

Hidetoshi Kawashima (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.

Atsuya Narita (A)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.

Kazuki Niwa (K)

Department of General Internal Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.

Yoshiyuki Sekikawa (Y)

Department of General Internal Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.

Koichi Nishi (K)

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Masaru Nishitsuji (M)

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Mayuko Tani (M)

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Junya Suzuki (J)

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Hiroki Nakatsumi (H)

Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.

Takashi Ogura (T)

Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Hideya Kitamura (H)

Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Eri Hagiwara (E)

Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Kota Murohashi (K)

Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Hiroko Okabayashi (H)

Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Takao Mochimaru (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Allergy, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Shigenari Nukaga (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Ryosuke Satomi (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshitaka Oyamada (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Allergy, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Nobuaki Mori (N)

Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomoya Baba (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan.

Yasutaka Fukui (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan.

Mitsuru Odate (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan.

Shuko Mashimo (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan.

Yasushi Makino (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan.

Kazuma Yagi (K)

Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Mizuha Hashiguchi (M)

Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Junko Kagyo (J)

Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Tetsuya Shiomi (T)

Keiyu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Satoshi Fuke (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Hiroshi Saito (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Tomoya Tsuchida (T)

Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Shigeki Fujitani (S)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Mumon Takita (M)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Daiki Morikawa (D)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Toru Yoshida (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.

Takehiro Izumo (T)

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Minoru Inomata (M)

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Naoyuki Kuse (N)

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Nobuyasu Awano (N)

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Mari Tone (M)

Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Akihiro Ito (A)

Matsumoto City Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.

Yoshihiko Nakamura (Y)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Kota Hoshino (K)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Junichi Maruyama (J)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Hiroyasu Ishikura (H)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Tohru Takata (T)

Department of Infection Control, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Toshio Odani (T)

Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Masaru Amishima (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Takeshi Hattori (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Yasuo Shichinohe (Y)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.

Takashi Kagaya (T)

National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.

Toshiyuki Kita (T)

National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.

Kazuhide Ohta (K)

National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.

Satoru Sakagami (S)

National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.

Kiyoshi Koshida (K)

National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.

Kentaro Hayashi (K)

Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Tetsuo Shimizu (T)

Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yutaka Kozu (Y)

Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Hisato Hiranuma (H)

Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasuhiro Gon (Y)

Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Namiki Izumi (N)

Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan.

Kaoru Nagata (K)

Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan.

Ken Ueda (K)

Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan.

Reiko Taki (R)

Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan.

Satoko Hanada (S)

Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan.

Kodai Kawamura (K)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Kazuya Ichikado (K)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Kenta Nishiyama (K)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Hiroyuki Muranaka (H)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Kazunori Nakamura (K)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Naozumi Hashimoto (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Keiko Wakahara (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Koji Sakamoto (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Norihito Omote (N)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Akira Ando (A)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Nobuhiro Kodama (N)

Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan.

Yasunari Kaneyama (Y)

Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan.

Shunsuke Maeda (S)

Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan.

Takashige Kuraki (T)

Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan.

Takemasa Matsumoto (T)

Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan.

Koutaro Yokote (K)

Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Taka-Aki Nakada (TA)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Ryuzo Abe (R)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Taku Oshima (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Tadanaga Shimada (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.

Masahiro Harada (M)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.

Takeshi Takahashi (T)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.

Hiroshi Ono (H)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.

Toshihiro Sakurai (T)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.

Takayuki Shibusawa (T)

National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.

Yoshifumi Kimizuka (Y)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Akihiko Kawana (A)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Tomoya Sano (T)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Chie Watanabe (C)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Ryohei Suematsu (R)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Hisako Sageshima (H)

Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

Ayumi Yoshifuji (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Kazuto Ito (K)

Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Saeko Takahashi (S)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Kota Ishioka (K)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Morio Nakamura (M)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Makoto Masuda (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.

Aya Wakabayashi (A)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.

Hiroki Watanabe (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.

Suguru Ueda (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.

Masanori Nishikawa (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan.

Yusuke Chihara (Y)

Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.

Mayumi Takeuchi (M)

Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.

Keisuke Onoi (K)

Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.

Jun Shinozuka (J)

Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.

Atsushi Sueyoshi (A)

Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan.

Yoji Nagasaki (Y)

Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.

Masaki Okamoto (M)

Department of Respirology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.

Sayoko Ishihara (S)

Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.

Masatoshi Shimo (M)

Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.

Yoshihisa Tokunaga (Y)

Department of Respirology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.

Yu Kusaka (Y)

Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan.

Takehiko Ohba (T)

Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan.

Susumu Isogai (S)

Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan.

Aki Ogawa (A)

Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan.

Takuya Inoue (T)

Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan.

Satoru Fukuyama (S)

Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Yoshihiro Eriguchi (Y)

Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan.

Akiko Yonekawa (A)

Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan.

Keiko Kan-O (K)

Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Koichiro Matsumoto (K)

Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Kensuke Kanaoka (K)

Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Shoichi Ihara (S)

Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Kiyoshi Komuta (K)

Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yoshiaki Inoue (Y)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Shigeru Chiba (S)

Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Kunihiro Yamagata (K)

Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Yuji Hiramatsu (Y)

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Hirayasu Kai (H)

Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Koichiro Asano (K)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.

Tsuyoshi Oguma (T)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.

Yoko Ito (Y)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.

Satoru Hashimoto (S)

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Masaki Yamasaki (M)

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Yu Kasamatsu (Y)

Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Yuko Komase (Y)

Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Naoya Hida (N)

Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Takahiro Tsuburai (T)

Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Baku Oyama (B)

Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Minoru Takada (M)

KINSHUKAI Hanwa, The Second Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Hidenori Kanda (H)

KINSHUKAI Hanwa, The Second Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Yuichiro Kitagawa (Y)

Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Tetsuya Fukuta (T)

Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Takahito Miyake (T)

Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Shozo Yoshida (S)

Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Shinji Ogura (S)

Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan.

Shinji Abe (S)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuta Kono (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuki Togashi (Y)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Hiroyuki Takoi (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Ryota Kikuchi (R)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Shinichi Ogawa (S)

JA Toride Medical Hospital, Toride, Japan.

Tomouki Ogata (T)

JA Toride Medical Hospital, Toride, Japan.

Shoichiro Ishihara (S)

JA Toride Medical Hospital, Toride, Japan.

Arihiko Kanehiro (A)

Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
Himeji St Mary's Hospital, Himeji, Japan.

Shinji Ozaki (S)

Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Yasuko Fuchimoto (Y)

Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Sae Wada (S)

Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Nobukazu Fujimoto (N)

Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Kei Nishiyama (K)

Emergency and Critical Care, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.

Mariko Terashima (M)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Satoru Beppu (S)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Kosuke Yoshida (K)

Emergency and Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Osamu Narumoto (O)

National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Hideaki Nagai (H)

National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Nobuharu Ooshima (N)

National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan.

Mitsuru Motegi (M)

Fujioka General Hospital, Fujioka, Japan.

Akira Umeda (A)

Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan.

Kazuya Miyagawa (K)

Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Japan.

Hisato Shimada (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan.

Mayu Endo (M)

Department of Clinical Laboratory, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan.

Yoshiyuki Ohira (Y)

Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan.

Masafumi Watanabe (M)

Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Sumito Inoue (S)

Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Akira Igarashi (A)

Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Masamichi Sato (M)

Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.

Hironori Sagara (H)

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

Akihiko Tanaka (A)

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

Shin Ohta (S)

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomoyuki Kimura (T)

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoko Shibata (Y)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Yoshinori Tanino (Y)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Takefumi Nikaido (T)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Hiroyuki Minemura (H)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Yuki Sato (Y)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Yuichiro Yamada (Y)

Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Takuya Hashino (T)

Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Masato Shinoki (M)

Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan.

Hajime Iwagoe (H)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Hiroshi Takahashi (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Kazuhiko Fujii (K)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Hiroto Kishi (H)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.

Masayuki Kanai (M)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Tomonori Imamura (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Tatsuya Yamashita (T)

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Masakiyo Yatomi (M)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.

Toshitaka Maeno (T)

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.

Shinichi Hayashi (S)

National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan.

Mai Takahashi (M)

National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan.

Mizuki Kuramochi (M)

National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan.

Isamu Kamimaki (I)

National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan.

Yoshiteru Tominaga (Y)

National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan.

Tomoo Ishii (T)

Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Japan.

Mitsuyoshi Utsugi (M)

Department of Internal Medicine, Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Kiryu, Japan.

Akihiro Ono (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Kiryu, Japan.

Toru Tanaka (T)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Takeru Kashiwada (T)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Kazue Fujita (K)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshinobu Saito (Y)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Masahiro Seike (M)

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Hiroko Watanabe (H)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Kinen General Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.

Hiroto Matsuse (H)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Norio Kodaka (N)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Chihiro Nakano (C)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Takeshi Oshio (T)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Takatomo Hirouchi (T)

Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.

Shohei Makino (S)

Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Moritoki Egi (M)

Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Yosuke Omae (Y)

Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yasuhito Nannya (Y)

Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Takafumi Ueno (T)

School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Kazuhiko Katayama (K)

Laboratory of Viral Infection, Department of Infection Control and Immunology, Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.

Masumi Ai (M)

Department of Insured Medical Care Management, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Yoshinori Fukui (Y)

Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Atsushi Kumanogoh (A)

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Toshiro Sato (T)

Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Naoki Hasegawa (N)

Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Katsushi Tokunaga (K)

Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Makoto Ishii (M)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Ryuji Koike (R)

Medical Innovation Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuko Kitagawa (Y)

Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Akinori Kimura (A)

Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Seiya Imoto (S)

Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Satoru Miyano (S)

M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Seishi Ogawa (S)

Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Takanori Kanai (T)

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Koichi Fukunaga (K)

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. kfukunaga@keio.jp.

Yukinori Okada (Y)

Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH