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"name": "Comment diagnostiquer une dysfonction des cellules de Leydig ?",
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"text": "Un dosage hormonal et une échographie testiculaire peuvent aider au diagnostic."
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"name": "Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer les cellules de Leydig ?",
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"text": "Les tests sanguins pour mesurer les niveaux de testostérone et LH sont courants."
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes indiquent une insuffisance des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Une baisse de libido, fatigue et troubles de l'érection peuvent indiquer une insuffisance."
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment évaluer la fonction des cellules de Leydig ?",
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"name": "Quel rôle joue l'échographie dans le diagnostic ?",
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes sont associés à une hyperplasie des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une augmentation de la testostérone peut causer l'acné, l'hypertrichose et l'agressivité."
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment reconnaître une carence en testostérone ?",
"position": 7,
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"text": "Les symptômes incluent fatigue, dépression, perte de masse musculaire et libido réduite."
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{
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"name": "Quels signes cliniques indiquent une tumeur des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Des douleurs testiculaires, une masse palpable et des changements hormonaux peuvent survenir."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes peuvent indiquer un déséquilibre hormonal ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Des troubles de l'érection, des sautes d'humeur et une prise de poids peuvent être présents."
}
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"name": "Comment les symptômes varient-ils selon l'âge ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Les symptômes de dysfonction peuvent s'aggraver avec l'âge, affectant la libido et l'énergie."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir les troubles des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Un mode de vie sain, incluant une alimentation équilibrée et de l'exercice, peut aider."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels examens réguliers sont recommandés ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Des examens médicaux réguliers et des bilans hormonaux peuvent aider à détecter des problèmes tôt."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment éviter les facteurs de risque liés à l'environnement ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Réduire l'exposition aux toxines environnementales et aux perturbateurs endocriniens est crucial."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel rôle joue l'alimentation dans la santé des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une alimentation riche en nutriments essentiels peut soutenir la fonction hormonale et cellulaire."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment le stress affecte-t-il les cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le stress chronique peut perturber l'équilibre hormonal et affecter la fonction des cellules de Leydig."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels traitements existent pour l'insuffisance des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "La thérapie de remplacement de la testostérone est couramment utilisée pour traiter l'insuffisance."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter une hyperplasie des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement peut inclure des médicaments anti-androgènes ou une intervention chirurgicale."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les effets secondaires de la thérapie de testostérone ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les effets secondaires peuvent inclure l'acné, la rétention d'eau et des troubles du sommeil."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quand envisager une intervention chirurgicale ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une chirurgie peut être envisagée en cas de tumeur des cellules de Leydig ou d'anomalies structurelles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels médicaments sont utilisés pour traiter les troubles hormonaux ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des médicaments comme les inhibiteurs de l'aromatase peuvent être prescrits pour équilibrer les hormones."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec une tumeur des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des complications incluent la propagation du cancer et des déséquilibres hormonaux graves."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels risques sont associés à une thérapie de testostérone prolongée ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une thérapie prolongée peut augmenter le risque de maladies cardiovasculaires et de cancer de la prostate."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment une insuffisance des cellules de Leydig affecte-t-elle la fertilité ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle peut entraîner une oligospermie ou une azoospermie, réduisant ainsi la fertilité masculine."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les conséquences d'un déséquilibre hormonal ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les conséquences peuvent inclure des troubles de l'humeur, des problèmes de libido et des dysfonctionnements érectiles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels effets à long terme peut avoir une hyperplasie des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "À long terme, cela peut entraîner des problèmes métaboliques et des troubles endocriniens."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de tumeurs des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'âge, des antécédents familiaux et des anomalies testiculaires sont des facteurs de risque connus."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment l'exposition à des produits chimiques affecte-t-elle les cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'exposition à des perturbateurs endocriniens peut altérer la fonction des cellules de Leydig."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel rôle joue l'obésité dans la santé des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'obésité peut entraîner des déséquilibres hormonaux et affecter la production de testostérone."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels comportements augmentent le risque de dysfonction des cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le tabagisme, l'alcoolisme et un mode de vie sédentaire sont des comportements à risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment le stress chronique influence-t-il les cellules de Leydig ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le stress chronique peut perturber l'axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-testiculaire, affectant la fonction."
}
}
]
}
]
}
Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: r_ge@yahoo.com.
Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325003, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia. tatjana.kostic@dbe.uns.ac.rs.
Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia. tatjana.kostic@dbe.uns.ac.rs.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
In the field of medicine and health sciences, Delphi methods are applied mainly in the exploratory or evaluative phases of a research process. Explicit and implicit knowledge of respected experts from...
Delphi techniques are conducted across different subfields in the health sciences. The reporting practices of studies using Delphi techniques vary, and current reporting guidelines for Delphi techniqu...
A systematic literature search for reporting guidelines on Delphi studies was performed in existing data resources based on databases in the health sciences (Scopus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Epistemonikos) in...
We retrieved ten health science articles with reporting guidelines for Delphi studies. In analyzing them, we identified nine main categories (Justification, Expert panel, Questionnaire, Survey design,...
A well-justified position concerning epistemological foundations of Delphi studies is necessary to make the quality of the process assessable and, along with the reporting of the process, to classify ...
The results of our methodological review do not provide a final reporting guideline. The newly developed proposal is intended to encourage discussion and agreement in further analyses....
Preconception health affects fertility, pregnancy, and future health outcomes but public awareness of this is low. Our aims were to rank priorities for preconception care (PCC), develop strategies to ...
Urodynamic testing (UDS) is an important tool in the management of pediatric lower urinary tract conditions. There have been notable efforts to standardize pediatric UDS nomenclature and technique, bu...
Pediatric urologists regularly performing UDS were queried using a Delphi process. Participants were invited representing varied geographic, experience, and societal involvement. Participants underwen...
A diverse sample of 30 providers, representing 27 institutions across 21 US states; Washington, District of Columbia; and Canada completed the study. Participants reported interpreting an average numb...
This consensus report details the key elements and structure agreed upon by an expert panel of pediatric urologists. Further standardization of documentation should aid collaboration and research for ...
To establish a general performance evaluation index system for nursing managers in public hospitals of Wenzhou city....
Head nurses' performance plays a critical role in the development and operation of hospitals. Owing to the lack of accuracy and defects in the current evaluation system in Mainland China, there is an ...
A systematic review of literature, two rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi techniques, and empirical analyses were performed. In this study, a total of 20 experts in nursing-related fields ...
Both rounds of the consultation showed high response rates of 20 experts. A consensus of over 70% was reached for most indicators in the first round, while a 100% consensus was achieved for the modifi...
A suitable index system with 4 first-level indicators, 10 second-level indicators, and 37 third-level indicators was generated to assess head nurses' performance in public hospitals, thereby enhancing...
The modified performance evaluation index system serves as the cornerstone for the successful development of public hospitals and the provision of high-quality services for patients....
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition which may arise from infection in any organ system and requires early recognition and management. Healthcare professionals working in any specialty may need to m...
Two separate panels from high or upper-middle income and low or lower-middle income countries/regions participated in a Delphi method to suggest and rank sepsis competencies for medical students. Each...
The panels reached consensus on 38 essential sepsis competencies in low or lower-middle income countries/regions and 33 in high or upper-middle incomes countries/regions. These include competencies su...
Medical schools should consider developing curricula to address essential competencies, as a minimum, but also consider addressing competencies rated as very or moderately important....
Breast augmentation is a common operation. Evidence has grown with experience and long-term studies, but variation in practice exists. The authors detail the existing practices of a group of surgeons ...
Seventy-two plastic surgeons with a specialist interest in aesthetic breast surgery were asked to participate in the survey about aesthetic breast augmentation. A 54-point online survey was given, cov...
All 72 surgeons completed the survey. Their mean age was 57.6 years, 56.9% had been in surgical practice for over 20 years, and 88.9% were performing more than 50 primary breast augmentations per year...
Multiple factors affect clinical outcome in primary and secondary aesthetic breast surgery. A few well-established techniques have gained common acceptance, but opinions are more diverse for difficult...
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 led countries to implement a set of public health and social measures (PHSMs) attempting to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study ...
The PHSM under study were selected from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), supplemented by topics presented during the Rapid Exchange Forum (REF) meetings in the scope of the Po...
There were 3,212 studies retrieved from PubMed, 162 full texts assessed for eligibility and 35 included in this PHSMs summary. The measures with clearest evidence on their positive impact from the evi...
The evidence found has significant implications for both researchers and policymakers. The study of PHSMs' impact on COVID-19 illustrates lessons learned for future pan- and epidemics, serving as a co...
Dietary inorganic nitrate is a popular nutritional supplement, which increases nitric oxide bioavailability and may improve exercise performance. Despite over a decade of research into the effects of ...
The modified Delphi technique was used to establish the views of 12 expert panel members on the use of dietary nitrate as an ergogenic aid. Over three iterative rounds (two via questionnaire and one v...
The 12 panel members contributed to voting in all three rounds. A total of 39 statements (17.6%) reached consensus across the three rounds (20 yes, 19 no). In round one, 21 statements reached consensu...
This study provides information on the current expert consensus on dietary nitrate, which may be of value to athletes, coaches, practitioners and researchers. The effects of dietary nitrate appear to ...
There is little agreement on the factors influencing endurance performance. Endurance performance often is described by surrogate variables such as maximum oxygen consumption, lactate threshold, and r...
